马克思主义视域中的当代中国民族主义研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 00:30

本文关键词： 马克思主义民族主义全球化民族国家民族复兴　出处：《西南交通大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民族主义是影响中国政治与社会发展的重要思想力量。在近代历史上,无论是清末的救国道路探索,还是“五四”的救亡运动以及抗日战争时期,它都被诸多仁人志士视为挽救民族危亡的法宝；在全球化的当今时代,它又逐渐由“幕后”走向“前台”,从知识界中对后殖民主义理论、亨廷顿《文明的冲突》的回应,及现代新儒学研究的再兴,到民众在2001年中美撞机事件、2008年保卫奥运圣火行动和2010年中日钓鱼岛撞船事件中的民族情绪表达,再到官方在政府有关报告及讲话中“民族复兴”的反复叙述,都可以若见民族主义的身影。立足于马克思主义——民族主义的理论范式对这种重要现象进行研究,可以形成如下的见解：一是当代中国民族主义具有存在的历史与现实逻辑,并因此而展现出维护民族国家主权完整、追求民族国家富强和建构民族新文化的基本诉求,以及应激——反应性、国家中心、“空洞化”内容和“抗争型”相交织等复杂特征。二是当代中国民族主义具有不同的表现形态与话语。从功能论视角看,当代中国民族主义可分为主流的爱国主义民族主义、非主流的激进民族主义和反主流的民族分离(裂)主义,其中因反主流的民族分离(裂)主义与中国民族主义的价值目标相抵牾,故它不在中国民族主义的讨论范畴。从主体差异视角看,当代中国民族主义存在三种话语形式,即以“民族复兴”为主题语的官方话语,以知识分子为主体的学术话语和以普通民众特别是青年群体为主体的大众话语。三是社会主义核心价值体系具有引领民族主义的可操作性路径。社会主义核心价值体系作为中国的主导性意识形态,必须承担引领民族主义的重任。在具体的引领路径上,要坚持尊重与包容的引领原则；善于借助与吸纳民族主义积极因素来充实引领动力；重点做好青年群体的价值观教育工作；注意在思想、理论与实践三重路向上协同引领。四是当代中国民族主义在未来存在“两可”发展趋向。从存在时度看,当代中国民族主义具有相当长时期内存在的现实基础,但其在终极意义上必将消亡；从存在量度看,当代中国民族主义在常态中会保持合适“当量”,但在非常态中将会迅速膨胀；从存在质度看,当代中国民族主义在宏观层面总体良好,但在微观层面具有“恶向”可能。
[Abstract]:Nationalism is an important ideological force affecting the development of Chinese politics and society. In modern history, whether it was the exploration of the road of saving the nation in the late Qing Dynasty or the "May 4th Movement" of saving the nation and the period of the Anti-Japanese War. It is regarded as a magic weapon to save the nation by many people with lofty ideals. In the present era of globalization, it has gradually moved from "behind-the-scenes" to "foreground", from the intelligentsia to post-colonialism theory, Huntington's conflict of Civilization, and the revival of modern neo-Confucianism. To the middle of 2001 US plane collision incident, 2008 to defend the Olympic torch operation and middle of 2010 Diaoyu Island collision incident of national sentiment expression. Then to the official in the government related report and the speech "national rejuvenation" repeatedly narrated. Based on Marxism-nationalism theoretical paradigm to study this important phenomenon. The following views can be formed: first, contemporary Chinese nationalism has the historical and realistic logic of existence, and thus shows the integrity of the sovereignty of the nation-state. The basic demands of pursuing the prosperity and strength of the nation-state and the construction of a new national culture, as well as the complex characteristics of stress-reactivity, national center, "hollowing" and "resistance". Second, contemporary Chinese nationalism has different forms of expression and discourse. From the perspective of functional theory, contemporary Chinese nationalism can be divided into mainstream patriotic nationalism. Non-mainstream radical nationalism and anti-mainstream national separatism (split), among which, the anti-mainstream national separation (split) and the value goal of Chinese nationalism contradict each other. Therefore, it does not belong to the discussion category of Chinese nationalism. From the perspective of subject difference, there are three kinds of discourse forms in contemporary Chinese nationalism, that is, official discourse with the theme of "national rejuvenation". Intellectual as the main body of academic discourse and ordinary people, especially the youth as the main body of public discourse. Third, the socialist core value system has the operational path of leading nationalism. The socialist core value system is the dominant ideology in China. We must bear the responsibility of leading nationalism. We must adhere to the guiding principle of respect and tolerance in the concrete guidance path; Good at using and absorbing the positive elements of nationalism to enrich the leading power; Focus on the value education of youth groups; Pay attention to the triple path of thought, theory and practice. Fourth, contemporary Chinese nationalism has the trend of "two possibilities" in the future. From the point of view of the time of existence, contemporary Chinese nationalism has the realistic foundation of existence for a long time, but it will die out in the ultimate sense. According to the measure of existence, contemporary Chinese nationalism will maintain the appropriate "equivalent" in the normal state, but it will expand rapidly in the abnormal state. In terms of quality of existence, contemporary Chinese nationalism is generally good in macro level, but possible in microcosmic level.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811;D091.5

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