论马克思平等思想及其当代意义

发布时间：2018-03-03 06:30

本文选题：马克思　切入点：平等　出处：《中国政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：平等既是个人的追求,又是近代以来文明社会的价值取向。马克思的平等思想在人类思想史上具有重要意义,他在他所生存的时代打破各种固有观念的限制,从批判资产阶级虚伪的、形式的平等入手,展开对一切抽象的、空想的平等思想的反击,要将平等放在社会经济条件和历史发展环节中考察,期待全人类共享平等的成果。马克思平等思想萌芽时期,还没有真正的探讨平等这一问题,此时,还保留着诸多资产阶级的政治平等意识。《莱茵报》时期遇到林木盗窃法案和摩塞尔河贫苦农民等现实问题,开启马克思平等之路。《黑格尔法哲学批判导言》、《1844年经济学哲学手稿》、《神圣家族》和《哲学的贫困》的相继完成为马克思平等思想注入历史性与阶级性的特征,标志着马克思平等构想的初步完成。《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》、《德意志意识形态》是马克思唯物史观的正式确立,为其平等思想提供了科学论据,标志着马克思平等思想最终确立。马克思的平等思想不是抽象的,而是真正落实在实践中指导无产阶级革命,同时又描绘了无产阶级革命胜利后未来社会的蓝图和平等在社会中的展现。《共产党宣言》和《哥达纲领批判》是这一时期的重要文献,宣告了马克思平等思想真正的走向成熟。马克思深刻指出了无产阶级平等实现的历史条件和经济因素,明确了建立社会生产力的发展基础上的平等才能更加成熟,提出了无产阶级的自身灭亡将使不平等最终破裂,平等问题也会随之消失。本文以时间为线索,以马克思不断发展的平等思想内涵为历史逻辑脉络,挖掘马克思将平等放在整个历史社会环境中思考的特性和意义。我认为,马克思平等观立足于人的发展,扎根于现实社会的物质基础条件,着眼于社会的进步,并试图为人类创造一个自由全面的发展社会空间。马克思给予平等丰富的理论意义和实践意义,都需要中西方学者进行更深层次探究,开展全方位的对话的,在借鉴、批判性的吸收和丰富发展的基础上,努力找到马克思平等思想中对解决我国现实问题和未来发展有利的方法和思路。
[Abstract]:Equality is not only the pursuit of individuals, but also the value orientation of civilized society since modern times. Marx's thought of equality is of great significance in the history of human thought. Starting from criticizing the false and formal equality of the bourgeoisie, we should launch a counterattack on all abstract and utopian ideas of equality, and put equality in the social and economic conditions and in the link of historical development, and look forward to sharing the fruits of equality for all mankind. In the embryonic period of Marx's thought on equality, he did not really discuss the issue of equality. At this time, There were also many bourgeoisie political equality consciousness. During the period of the "Rhine newspaper", they encountered the forest theft act and the Mosserl River poor peasants and other practical problems. Opening the way of Marx's equality. The introduction to the criticism of Hegel's philosophy of Law, the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844, the Holy Family and the Poverty of philosophy successively infuse the historical and class characteristics of Marx's thought of equality. The outline on Feuerbach, the German ideology, is the official establishment of Marx's historical materialism, and provides scientific arguments for his equal thought. It marks the final establishment of Marx's equal thought. Marx's equality thought is not abstract, but is truly implemented to guide the proletarian revolution in practice. At the same time, it depicts the blueprint of the future society after the victory of the proletarian revolution and the manifestation of equality in the society. The Communist Manifesto and the criticism of the Gotha Programme are important documents of this period. It declares that Marx's thought on equality is really maturing. Marx profoundly pointed out the historical conditions and economic factors for the realization of proletarian equality, and made it clear that equality on the basis of the development of social productive forces can become more mature. It is proposed that the proletariat's own destruction will eventually break down inequality and the issue of equality will disappear. This article takes time as the clue, takes Marx's constantly developing connotation of equality thought as the historical logic thread, excavates the characteristic and significance of Marx's thinking about equality in the whole historical social environment. Marx's view of equality was based on the development of human beings, rooted in the material foundation of the real society, and focused on the progress of the society. And try to create a free and comprehensive social space for human development. Marx gives equal and rich theoretical and practical significance, both Chinese and Western scholars need to carry out a deeper level of inquiry, carry out all-round dialogue, in reference, On the basis of absorbing and enriching the development critically, the author tries to find out the methods and ideas favorable to the solution of our country's realistic problems and future development in Marx's equal thought.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：A811

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