毛泽东新民主主义革命若干思想的诗化文本研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 16:30

本文选题：毛泽东诗词 + 新民主主义革命思想　；参考：《南京师范大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：毛泽东是政治家、军事家,又是诗人。他在长期的革命生涯中创作了大量的政治、军事著作,也在“马背”生涯中创作了大量的源于革命实践体验的诗词作品。毛泽东政治家与诗人的身份是互动的,时而政治家的身份明显,时而诗人的特质浓厚,时而二者交融。即使在诗人特质浓厚的时候,诗词作品也同样寄予了其政治情怀。因此,同政论文章一样,诗词也在一定程度上反映了毛泽东的政治思想。区别在于其政论作品是毛泽东革命思想的理性总结,而诗词则是其个人革命理想的感性刻画。毛泽东多次强调“诗言志”,不论是在阅读还是创作文学作品时,他都遵循这个古老的传统。“志”在这里具有多重内容,首先,毛泽东诗词是毛泽东个人革命理想的集中体现,又是人民群众价值诉求的精神代言；其次,毛泽东诗词记述了中国人民革命与建设的伟大历程,很多重大历史事件都在诗词中有所反映；最后,毛泽东诗词是中国传统文化与马克思主义的有机结合。毛泽东将其对马克思主义精神的理解融铸在古典诗词这一中国传统文化形式中,深刻地表达了马克思主义唯物史观与辩证法。研究毛泽东思想,不仅要研究其政论文章,诗词也应该成为一种独特而重要的文本。本文主要从毛泽东政治家、军事家、哲学家三种身份来研究毛泽东思想以及毛泽东诗词,所以本文论题主要包含毛泽东的政治思想、军事思想、哲学思想三个方面。由于研究的文本是毛泽东诗词,所以对于这三种思想的探究在不同时期以及不同的诗词上是有所侧重的,或侧重政治思想,或侧重军事思想,或侧重哲学思想；毛泽东是多种身份的结合体,他的思想又不是单一的,政治、军事思想中充满辩证的哲学气息,军事、哲学思想又是政治理念,所以,文中的一些分析又是三种思想的融合。全文以毛泽东诗词为主线进行展开,由于毛泽东新民主主义革命时期各阶段的很多重要思想与相应阶段的诗词在主题上是相呼应的,所以,全文的标题都是以各阶段毛泽东诗词中内涵的毛泽东思想即理性的表述为表现方式。由此,笔者设立的论述框架凸显,全文的论述主要包括以下四个阶段。第一阶段分析了毛泽东自立志出乡关到1927年的《菩萨蛮·黄鹤楼》期间的作品,主要描述了毛泽东确立马克思主义价值观的历程。这一时期,毛泽东处于艰辛探索救国方法的阶段,他笃信过尼采的超人哲学,迷恋过心物二元的世界改造观,但同时又注重中国传统的经世致用原则,在治学、革命方面十分注重社会实践的作用。《沁园春·长沙》与《菩萨蛮·黄鹤楼》是这一时期两首重要的作品,虽然毛泽东自认为1920年夏就是一个真正的马克思主义者,但这两首作品是毛泽东运用马克思主义分析现实问题的初始标志；第二阶段描述了深具中国特色的井冈山革命道路模式。这一时期,毛泽东初步掌握了马克思主义理论,但仅仅掌握了理论还不能最终解决革命问题。理论不是万能的,必须同中国实际相结合。毛泽东带领早期共产党人通过艰辛的探索,找到了一条适合中国革命的井冈山道路,即马克思主义的暴力革命、共产党领导下的工农联盟与根据地依托下的游击战争相结合的新式无产阶级革命道路；第三阶段的诗词数量虽然不多,但是,每首诗词背后宏大的历史背景使这些诗词的内涵更为深刻。随着中国革命道路的理性走向以及毛泽东思想的逐渐成熟,这一时期的几首诗词也包含了更为宏大的对中国革命的理论认知。它们组合起来反映了毛泽东对新民主主义革命的科学总结：第四阶段主要分析了毛泽东诗词中的彻底革命思想。而这种彻底革命的价值根本在于对真正民主的追求。民主包括政治、经济、文化民主,毛泽东这一时期的诗词囊括了中国共产党对政治民主(实现人民的真正自由、国家的彻底独立)、文化民主(民族的、科学的、大众的文化)的探索,而这两方面的实现为经济民主奠定了基础。学术界对毛泽东诗词中的政治思想、军事思想、哲学思想有一些论述,但还只是对一首、几首或者一个短暂时期的探讨。对毛泽东诗词就某一方面进行一次全面而整体的阅读无论对毛泽东诗词还是对毛泽东思想的研究都是一次极为有益的尝试,这就是本文的最终目的。
[Abstract]:Mao Zedong is a politician, military strategist and poet. He wrote a lot of political, in the long-term revolutionary career military works, also in the "horse" career created a lot from the practical experience of the revolution of poetry. Mao Zedong statesman and poet is interactive, and the identity of the politicians, and the poet's strong qualities, and the two blend. Even when a strong poet, poetry also has its political feelings. Therefore, the same as political essays, poetry also to a certain extent reflects Mao Zedong's political thought. The difference is that political work is rational summary of Mao Zedong's revolutionary thoughts and poems is the person of revolutionary ideals of the perceptual characterization. Mao Zedong has repeatedly stressed that the "poetry", whether in reading or writing literary works, he has to follow the old tradition of "Chi" in this. With multiple content, first of all, Mao Zedong's poetry is Mao Zedong's revolutionary ideals embodied, and the people value the spirit of advocacy; secondly, Mao Zedong's poetry describes the great course of revolution and construction China people, many important historical events in the poetry reflected; finally, Mao Zedong's poetry is the organic combination of traditional China the culture and the theory of Marx. Mao Zedong will be the understanding of Marx spirit melted in classical poetry the Chinese forms of traditional culture, profound expression of Marx materialism and dialectics. Mao Zedong thought research, not only to study the political essays, poems should also become a unique and important text.
This article mainly from the Mao Zedong statesman, military strategist, philosopher three identity to study Mao Zedong thought and Mao Zedong's poetry, so this thesis mainly includes the political thought of Mao Zedong military thought, the three aspects of philosophy. Because of the text is Mao Zedong's poetry, so to explore these three kinds of thoughts in different periods and different poetry is different, or focus on political thought, or focus on the military thought, or on philosophy; Mao Zedong is a combination of the identity of the body, his thought is not a single, political, military thought is full of dialectical philosophy spirit, military, philosophy and political philosophy, so some analysis in this article and is the fusion of three kinds of thought. According to Mao Zedong's poetry as the main line to start, because a lot of important thought and the corresponding order in each stage of Mao Zedong during the period of new democratic revolution The poem is echoed in the subject, so the title is based on the connotation of each stage of the poetry of Mao Zedong Mao Zedong thought is a rational expression for performance. Thus, the author discusses the framework highlights the establishment, the full text of the paper mainly includes the following four stages. The first stage of Mao Zedong to a the hometown to 1927 Yellow Crane Tower during the "pusaman > works, mainly describes the establishment process of Mao Zedong Marx's values. During this period, Mao Zedong is in the exploration stage of saving method, he had believed in the philosophy of Nietzsche's Superman, the world had two yuan renovation with view, but also focus on practical principles, Chinese in traditional scholarship, revolution attaches great importance to social practice. The role of Qinyuanchun - Changsha > and < > to Yellow Crane Tower, this period is the first two important works, although Mao Zedong That summer of 1920 is a real Marx doctrine, but the two piece is the initial Mao Zedong Marx's theory analysis the practical problems of the mark; second stage describes the road model of Jinggangshan deep Chinese revolution characteristics. During this period, Mao Zedong initially mastered Marx's theory, but only mastered the theory can't be solved revolution. The theory is not a panacea, must be the same China reality. Mao Zedong led the early Communists through hard exploration, find a suitable for Chinese revolutionary road in Jinggangshan, namely the violent revolution of the Marx doctrine, under the leadership of the Communist Party and the alliance of workers and peasants to rely on the guerrilla war combined new proletarian revolution road the number of the third stage of the poetry; though not much, but each poem behind the grand historical background the connotation of these poems. More profound. With the rational to China revolutionary road and Mao Zedong thought gradually mature, during this period, some poems also contain more of the Chinese revolution theory of cognitive grand. They together reflect Mao Zedong of the new democratic revolution and the scientific summary: the fourth stage is analyzed in Mao Zedong's poems is a complete revolution this revolutionary thought. The value lies in the pursuit of true democracy. Democracy including politics, economy, culture and democracy, in this period, Mao Zedong's poems include the political and Democratic Party Chinese (real real freedom, the people's state completely independent, democratic culture) (national, scientific and popular culture) exploration, and implementation of these two aspects as the economic democracy foundation.
The academic circles of military thought in Mao Zedong's poems, political thought, philosophy has some discussion, but only on one, or a few of the first short period of Mao Zedong's poetry. A comprehensive and overall reading on one aspect of Mao Zedong's poetry is both the study of Mao Zedong's thoughts are a very useful attempt, this is the final purpose of this paper.

【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：A841.4

【参考文献】