科学发展观视域下的中国城镇化战略研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 04:08

本文选题：城镇化 + 科学发展观　；参考：《山东师范大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：推进城镇化是实现社会主义现代化的必然要求和重要内容。进入新世纪以来，中国明确提出并实施了城镇化战略。回首改革开放以来的中国城镇化实践，已经取得巨大成就，但同时也存在不全面、不协调、不可持续、不以人为本等严峻问题；展望未来中国的城镇化进程，正处于快速发展轨道并面临方向性选择。正确分析并切实解决好中国城镇化的科学发展问题，成为马克思主义中国化的时代要求。本文在理解和把握科学发展观与城镇化战略的内涵与实质的基础上，综合运用多学科知识，审视了中国城镇化的历史和现状，总结了科学发展观指导下中国城镇化取得的成就和经验，分析了中国城镇化建设中存在的不符合科学发展观要求的问题及成因，提出了坚持用科学发展观指导城镇化的对策措施，以期为推进中国城镇化科学发展贡献绵薄之力。全文主要内容具体展开为如下7个部分：一、中国实施城镇化战略的必然性。中国实施城镇化战略，是坚持和运用马克思主义理论指导中国实践的必然选择，它顺应了马克思恩格斯所揭示的现代化进程的一般规律，也符合马克思主义关于推动生产力发展和人的全面发展的基本精神。中国实施城镇化战略，更是中国国情现实的客观要求。城镇化是中国现代化建设的历史任务，是中国解决“三农”问题的重要途径，是中国经济持续健康发展的有力支撑，是中国社会整体文明发展的推动力量，是中国统筹国内发展与对外开放的必然选择。二、科学发展观对中国城镇化的内在要求。科学发展观第一要义是发展，要求尊重城镇化发展规律，立足中国国情，转变粗放型的城镇化发展方式，走集约型的城镇化道路，促进城镇布局合理化，努力实现城镇化又好又快发展。科学发展观核心是以人为本，要求尽快实现中国城镇化战略由增长导向型向以人为本型的根本性转变，以人的城镇化为核心，突出人在城镇化进程中的“目标主体”、“价值主体”、“动力主体”、“责任主体”等多重主体性地位，以提高城乡居民物质文化生活质量和促进人的全面发展为出发点和落脚点，坚持城镇化发展为了人民群众、城镇化发展依靠人民群众、城镇化发展以人民自身素质和能力的提高为前提和基础、城镇化发展成果由城乡居民共享。科学发展观基本要求是全面协调可持续，要求强化产业支撑和基础设施建设；完善体制机制，健全评价指标体系；坚持城乡协调发展、大中小城市和小城镇协调发展、区域协调发展；坚持城镇化与工业化、信息化、农业现代化协调发展；坚持城镇化的规模速度与经济社会发展水平相适应；把生态文明理念和原则融入城镇化各方面、全过程；因地制宜，分类实施城镇化战略。科学发展观根本方法是统筹兼顾，要求正确认识并妥善处理好公平和效率的关系、推进城镇化与建设社会主义新农村的关系、城镇化快速发展和“城市病”防治的关系、推进城镇化和对外开放的关系。三、科学发展观指导下中国城镇化的成就与经验。在科学发展观指导下，中国城镇化取得巨大成就，并探索积累了一系列成功经验。主要成就是：城镇化进程加快，城镇建设质量明显提高；众多农民实现“就地城镇化”，生活发生根本性转变；城市群渐成城镇化的主体形态，综合效益大幅提升。具体经验有：政府引导与市场推动相结合，双重动力促发展；坚持全面发展，健全评价指标体系；强化城乡统筹，以工补农、以城带乡；重视文化建设，加强教育培训；创新发展思路，解决土地紧缺的城镇化瓶颈难题。四、中国城镇化中存在的不符合科学发展观要求的问题及成因。中国城镇化实践中依然存在诸多不符合科学发展观要求的严峻问题，较为突出的是：盲目追求城镇化率；重城镇化规模建设而轻城镇化质量提升；“半城镇化”和“被城镇化”问题屡见不鲜；城镇化建设的“程式化”与“蜂窝化”现象严重。这些问题的成因是多方面的，主要表现为对城镇化的理解不全面，群众观念不强，，规划指导不到位，相关制度不适应等。五、坚持用科学发展观指导中国城镇化的对策措施。当前和今后一个时期，促进中国城镇化科学发展，应当从如下几个方面努力：一是强化认识，在城镇化进程中始终牢固树立和认真落实科学发展观；二是加强城市规划、建设和管理，提高城市发展效能；三是优化产业结构和资源配置，大力培育城镇化促进生产发展、生活富裕和生态良好的功能；四是塑造城市特色，展现文明大国之底蕴；五是多管齐下，着力解决好城镇化进程中的农民工和失地农民问题；六是实施城市群发展战略，发挥城镇化中的区域整体优势；七是深化体制机制改革，营造城镇化发展的良好环境。六、正确对待推进城镇化与建设社会主义新农村的关系。2006年国家“十一五”规划提出“新农村建设”之后，人们在新农村建设与城镇化关系问题上产生了一些片面理解和实践误区，如果不及时纠正，将会对中国现代化进程产生不利影响。城镇化和建设社会良性互动。推进城镇化与建设社会主义新农村和谐发展，应当树立城乡统筹的发展理念，提升城镇的辐射带动功能，突出和重塑城乡本色，加强政府的宏观调控。七、正确处理城镇化快速发展和“城市病”防治的关系。进入新世纪之后，随着中国城镇化快速发展，“城市病”呈高发之势，成为亟需各方面高度关注、认真解决的重大现实问题。“城市病”症状多样，主要表现为交通拥堵严重、能源资源短缺、生态环境恶化、安全基础脆弱、社会矛盾凸显。“城市病”成因复杂：首先，快速城镇化阶段“城市病”多发具有客观必然性；其次，发展理念和发展方式的偏差是“城市病”的症结所在；再次，城市规划和建设存在问题导致“城市病”难以避免；此外，城市管理欠科学加剧“城市病”。面对城镇化进程中的“城市病”，我们一方面不能因噎废食，而要深刻认识城镇化对中国经济社会发展全局的战略意义，坚定不移地推进中国的城镇化进程；另一方面也决不能听之任之，而要在科学发展观指导下，努力防治。为此，一要走以人为本的新型城镇化道路，二要科学规划先行，三要城市建设配套，四要创新城市管理方式。
[Abstract]:Promoting urbanization is the inevitable requirement and important content of realizing socialist modernization. Since entering the new century, China has clearly put forward and implemented the strategy of urbanization. Looking back at the practice of urbanization in China since the reform and opening up, great achievements have been made, but there are also serious problems, such as incomplete, uncoordinated, unsustainable, and not people-oriented. Looking forward to the process of urbanization in China in the future, it is on the track of rapid development and facing the choice of direction. To correctly analyze and effectively solve the problem of scientific development of urbanization in China has become the requirement of the era of the Sinicization of Marx.
On the basis of understanding and grasping the connotation and essence of the strategy of Scientific Outlook on Development and urbanization, this paper comprehensively uses multidisciplinary knowledge to examine the history and present situation of China's urbanization, summarizes the achievements and experiences of China's urbanization under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, and analyzes the non conformity of Scientific Outlook on Development in the construction of China's urbanization. The problems and causes of the problems are put forward, and Countermeasures for persisting in guiding urbanization with Scientific Outlook on Development are put forward, with a view to contributing to the scientific development of urbanization in China.
The main contents of the thesis are as follows: the following 7 parts:
First, China's urbanization strategy is inevitable. China's urbanization strategy is an inevitable choice to adhere to and apply Marx's theory to guide China's practice. It conforms to the general rules of the modernization process revealed by Marx and Engels, and is also in line with the basic principle of Marx's doctrine on promoting the development of productive forces and the overall development of human beings. The urbanization strategy of China is the objective requirement of China's national conditions and reality. Urbanization is the historical task of China's modernization construction, an important way to solve the problem of "three rural" in China, a strong support for the sustained and healthy development of China's economy, a driving force for the development of Chinese society as a whole, and the overall development of China's domestic development. And the inevitable choice of opening to the outside world.
Two, Scientific Outlook on Development's inner requirements for China's urbanization. The first meaning of Scientific Outlook on Development is development, which requires respect for the law of urbanization development, based on the national conditions of China, transforming the extensive mode of urbanization, taking the intensive urbanization road, promoting the rationalization of urban layout, and striving to achieve the good and rapid development of urbanization. Scientific Outlook on Development The core is people-oriented, and it is necessary to realize the fundamental transformation of China's urbanization strategy from growth oriented to people-oriented, the urbanization of people as the core, the "target subject", "value subject", "main body", "main body" and so on in the process of urbanization in order to improve urban and rural residents. The quality of material culture and the overall development of human beings are the starting points and foothold. The development of urbanization depends on the people, the development of urbanization depends on the people, the development of urbanization is based on the improvement of the people's own quality and ability. The development of urbanization is shared by the urban and rural residents. The basic requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development are all the people. The coordinated development of the urban and rural areas, the coordinated development of urban and small cities and small towns, the coordinated development of the region, the coordinated development of the urbanization and industrialization, the informatization and the modernization of agriculture, and the scale speed of urbanization. To adapt to the level of economic and social development, integrate the concept and principles of ecological civilization into all aspects of urbanization, the whole process, and the implementation of the urbanization strategy according to local conditions. The fundamental method of the Scientific Outlook on Development is to give consideration to all aspects, to correctly understand and properly handle the relationship between fairness and efficiency, and to promote the urbanization and the construction of a new socialist countryside. The relationship between the rapid development of urbanization and the prevention and cure of "urban disease" is to promote the relationship between urbanization and opening up.
Three, under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, China's urbanization achievements and experiences. Under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, China's urbanization has made great achievements and has explored a series of successful experiences. The main achievements are: the urbanization process is accelerated and the quality of urban construction is obviously improved; many farmers realize the "local urbanization", and the life is fundamental. The urban agglomeration has gradually become the main form of urbanization, and the comprehensive benefits have been greatly improved. The specific experience includes the government guidance and market promotion, the dual impetus to promote the development, the overall development, the sound evaluation index system, the strengthening of urban and rural integration, the improvement of agriculture, the rural area, the cultural construction, the strengthening of education and training, and the innovation and development. To solve the problem of urbanization bottleneck in the land shortage.
Four, there are problems and causes that do not meet the requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development in China's urbanization. There are still a lot of serious problems that do not meet the requirements of Scientific Outlook on Development in the practice of urbanization in China. The more prominent are the blind pursuit of the urbanization rate, the construction of the urbanization and the improvement of the quality of the town, and the "semi urbanization" and "the" The problem of urbanization is not uncommon; the "stylization" and "honeycomb" phenomenon of urbanization construction are serious. The causes of these problems are many aspects, which are mainly manifested by the lack of understanding of the urbanization, the poor concept of the masses, the inadequate planning guidance and the unadaptation of the relevant systems.
Five, adhere to the Countermeasures of using Scientific Outlook on Development to guide the urbanization of China. At present and in the future, we should make efforts to promote the scientific development of urbanization in China. First, we should strengthen understanding, firmly establish and conscientiously implement Scientific Outlook on Development in the process of urbanization; two, strengthen urban planning, construction and management. The efficiency of high city development; three is to optimize the industrial structure and the allocation of resources, vigorously cultivate the functions of urbanization to promote production and development, to live rich and good ecology; four to shape the characteristics of the city and to show the foundation of the great power of civilization; five is to solve the problem of peasant workers and landless peasants in the process of urbanization; and six is the implementation of the problem. The development strategy of urban agglomeration should give full play to the overall advantages of urbanization. The seven is to deepen the reform of the system and mechanism and create a favorable environment for the development of urbanization.
Six, with the correct treatment of the relationship between urbanization and the construction of a new socialist countryside in.2006, after the "11th Five-Year" plan of "new rural construction", people have produced some misunderstanding and misunderstandings on the relationship between the new rural construction and urbanization. If they are not corrected in time, it will be disadvantageous to the process of China's modernization. In order to promote urbanization and build a harmonious development of the socialist new countryside, the concept of urban and rural development should be set up, the radiative driving function of cities and towns should be promoted, the urban and rural natural colors should be highlighted and reshaped, and the macro regulation and control of the government should be strengthened.
Seven, correctly handle the relationship between the rapid development of urbanization and the prevention and control of "urban disease". After the new century, with the rapid development of China's urbanization, "urban disease" has become a high incidence, and it has become an urgent and urgent problem to be paid close attention to. "Urban diseases" are diverse, mainly manifested in traffic congestion, energy capital. The shortage of the source, the deterioration of the ecological environment, the fragile security foundation and the social contradictions are prominent. The causes of the "urban disease" are complex: first, the "urban disease" in the rapid urbanization stage has the objective inevitability; secondly, the deviation of the development concept and the development mode is the crux of the "urban disease"; thirdly, the problems of urban planning and construction lead to "the problems of urban planning and construction". Urban disease is difficult to avoid. In addition, urban management is not scientifically exacerbated by "urban disease". Facing the "urban disease" in the process of urbanization, we should not be able to waste food on the one hand, but we should deeply understand the strategic significance of urbanization to the overall situation of China's economic and social development, and unswervingly promote the process of urbanization in China; on the other hand, it will not be possible. Under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development and under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, we should work hard to prevent and control. To this end, we should take a new road of urbanization based on people-oriented, two to scientific planning, three to urban construction, and four to innovate the way of urban management.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D61;F299.21

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