列宁执政党建设理论研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 03:33

本文选题：列宁 + 俄共(布)　；参考：《南京师范大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：十月革命胜利后,列宁在领导俄共(布)进行社会主义建设的同时高度重视执政党建设,提出了相对完整的执政党建设理论。列宁执政党建设理论包括党的思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、反腐倡廉建设以及制度建设。针对此,本文系统总结、科学归纳了列宁执政党建设理论,并简要论述了其对于中国共产党建设的理论和实践意义。列宁注重执政党的思想建设,坚持用马克思主义理论指导苏俄的社会主义建设,不断加强社会主义政治、经济、文化建设；在高举马克思主义旗帜的同时,与形形色色的错误思潮作斗争；要求执政的俄共(布)掌握马克思主义活的灵魂,当思想领导者,并且在探索中发展马克思主义。由于列宁相关思想的指导和启示,当代中国共产党人要求全体党员和干部学习马克思主义,讲求思想宣传工作的针对性,捍卫马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位,用中国特色社会主义理论统一全体人民的思想。列宁注重执政党的组织建设,要求执政党在接收新党员时对申请入党者进行仔细的审查,而且对入党介绍人提出从思想上政治上帮助申请者的措施和办法；规定新党员的预备期,切实考察预备党员的个人品质；定期进行组织整顿和清理,纯洁党的队伍。列宁认为,党作为组织的先锋队,组织上必须高度统一；要制定正确的党纲和党章,规范党的建设和活动；要坚决反对党内的派别活动。列宁认为,执政党必须坚持民主集中制——即“尊重党员主体地位、少数服从多数、保护少数人的权益以及维护党的集中统—”的制度；民主集中制既是科学而可行的组织原则,又是民主与集中有机统—的组织制度。列宁还对执政党干部的素质养成、选拔、考查与培养工作提出了一系列重要观点,要求党的干部具有社会主义信念,受过教育和训练,有知识,有独立负责精神,还要有围绕新任务做好工作的本领。执政党必须“深入下层,大胆起用新人”；必须提拔非党人才,让他们担任公职；必须培养选拔少数民族干部,发挥他们在当地的作用；选拔重要岗位的干部时必须掌握干部的“全部活动”、“个人特点”,坚持严格的“选拔条件”。列宁认为,执政党考查干部“应当慎重、注意分寸”,应将“检查工作”与“主动学习”结合起来,在实践中检查工作、考查干部,并要求各职能部门主动介入考察,加强监督。列宁还提出,执政党必须通过正确分配工作、多岗异地、“从下面提拔”上来与下派“到地方工作”相结合等多种方式培养干部。当代中国共产党人借鉴列宁的思想和实践,从党的自身建设实际出发,要求控制党员发展数量,提高党员质量；要求夯实基层组织,巩固执政组织基础；还要求各级党组织“一把手”带头执行党的民主集中制。列宁注重执政党的作风建设,要求执政党反对“革命空谈”,“脚踏实地”地开展工作。特别是在苏俄要不要同德国签订布列斯特和约、要不要实施国家资本主义的问题上,他提出要反对“革命空谈”。他要求执政党维护人民利益,克服官僚主义,保持与人民群众的“活的联系”；要求注意分寸,“慎重批评”,不为批评而批评；要求改进学习风气,坚持学习、学习、再学习,学习如何管理国家和发展生产,向资本家学习管理经济的本领并同资本家开展竞赛,学习机关管理与进行机构改革。在列宁思想的熏陶和引领下,当代中国共产党人在新的历史条件下努力密切党群关系,不断巩固执政地位；并勇于直面“四大考验”,克服“四种危险”。列宁注重执政党的反腐倡廉建设,要求执政党坚决反对官僚主义。认为铁一般的党组织依赖于铁一般的纪律,党员特别是党的干部必须严守党的政治、组织纪律。要求党组织正确报告财务开支情况,用好每一个戈比,并主动接受检查和监督。要求制订法令,惩治腐败。要求加倍严厉处置党员受贿犯罪的案件,不得纵容包庇犯罪的“党员”；必须将试图对法庭“施加影响”而包庇罪犯的党员开除出党。借鉴列宁的思想和实践,当代中国共产党人在全面深化改革新时期号召全体党员和干部认真学习贯彻党章,维护中央权威；坚持惩治腐败行为,筑牢执政根基。列宁注重执政党的制度建设,领导建立并健全了党的民主集中制；坚持实施党的选举制,并将委任制作为干部任用的必要补充手段；坚持集体领导制,既防止个人专断,又明确个人分工,保证决策有效执行；健全党的监督制,在实施党内监督的基础上实施法律监督、群众监督、舆论监督；要求实施党的代表大会年会制。当代中国共产党人在学习、传承列宁思想和实践的同时,与时俱进,不断完善党的制度,着力提高党治理国家的能力。列宁执政党建设理论以马克思主义政党建设思想为基础,在苏俄社会主义建设实践中不断丰富和发展,是马克思主义政党建设思想的新阶段,是各社会主义国家执政党建设的行动指南。它对于新时期中国共产党的建设和发展起到了重要的借鉴作用和启示作用。当代中国共产党人在改革开放和中国特色社会主义建设过程中,以新的经验进一步丰富和发展了列宁执政党建设理论。
[Abstract]:After the victory of the October Revolution , Lenin attached great importance to the construction of the ruling party and put forward the relatively complete theory of party construction .
While holding the banner of Marxism , fight against the wrong thoughts of all sorts of colors ;
The Communist Party of China ( CPC ) demands that all Party members and cadres should study Marxism , seek the pertinence of ideological propaganda work , safeguard Marxism ' s guiding status in the ideological field , and safeguard Marxism ' s guiding status in the ideological field , and to safeguard Marxism ' s guiding status in the ideological field , and to safeguard Marxism ' s guiding status in the ideological field .
To stipulate the probationary period of the new Party members and to examine the personal qualities of the Party members ;
The Party , as the vanguard of the organization , must be highly unified as the vanguard of the organization .
To formulate correct party lines and party chapters , to regulate the Party ' s construction and activities ;
In the view of Lenin , the ruling party must adhere to the system of democratic centralism , that is , " respecting the status of the Party members , the minority obedience to the majority , the protection of the interests of minorities and the centralization of the Party . "
The democratic centralism is not only the scientific but feasible organization principle , but also the organization system of democracy and centralized organic system . Lenin also put forward a series of important opinions on the cultivation , selection , examination and cultivation of the cadres of the ruling party .
Non - party talent must be promoted to hold them in public office ;
The cadres of ethnic minorities must be trained to play their role in the local area ;
According to Lenin ' s thought and practice , the ruling party must adopt the thought and practice of Lenin and request to control the development quantity of Party members and improve the quality of Party members .
To request the consolidation of grass - roots organizations and consolidate the foundation of the ruling organization ;
He also urged Party organizations at all levels to take the lead in carrying out the Party ' s democratic centralism . Lenin focused on the construction of the Party ' s style of work and demanded the ruling party to oppose the " revolutionary talk " and " down the ground " .
Ask to pay attention to the position , " careful criticism " , not criticize for criticism ;
It is required to improve the learning style , adhere to the study , learn , learn , learn how to manage the country and develop the production , study the management of the economy to the capitalist and carry out the competition with the capitalist , study the organ management and carry out the institutional reform . Under the edification and guidance of Lenin ' s thought , the contemporary Chinese Communist Party has made great efforts to close the Party - group relations under the new historical conditions and consolidate the ruling status .
In order to overcome the " four risks " , Lenin focused on the anti - corruption and honest construction of the ruling party and demanded that the ruling party firmly oppose bureaucracy . The party organization , in particular the Party , must strictly observe the Party ' s political and organizational discipline .
Party members and cadres who try to exert influence on the court must be expelled from the party . In the light of Lenin ' s thought and practice , the contemporary Chinese Communist Party called on all Party members and cadres to study and implement the Party Constitution and maintain the central authority in the new period of comprehensive reform .
To persist in punishing acts of corruption and building up the ruling foundation . Lenin lays stress on the system construction of the ruling party , and leads the establishment and perfection of the Party ' s democratic centralism ;
To adhere to the Party ' s electoral system , and use it as the necessary supplementary means for the appointment of cadres ;
We should adhere to the system of collective leadership , not only to prevent the individual from being arbitrary , but also to make clear the division of labor and ensure the effective implementation of decision - making ;
To perfect the Party ' s supervision system , carry out the supervision of the law , the mass supervision and public opinion supervision on the basis of implementing the inner - party supervision ;
The Communist Party of China ( CPC ) has played an important role in the construction and development of the Communist Party of China in the course of the reform and opening - up and the socialist construction of Chinese characteristics .
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：A821

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