文化哲学视域下的邓小平人学思想探究

发布时间：2018-07-29 17:47

【摘要】：当今社会,人是一切问题的关键。一切依靠人,一切为了人,一切尊重人。作为中国改革开放与社会主义现代化建设的总设计师,邓小平对人有着极其深厚的感情,他的人学思想是非常值得当代人驻足学习的。从文化哲学视角解析邓小平人学,也就是把其放置到时代文化场域中加以审视、研究。人创文化,文化化人,人“向文而化”。由此,只有在文化意义结构中,才能洞悉邓小平人学思想由何而来,向何而去,也才能真正把握其思想实质,再现其时代价值。从文化哲学角度考察邓小平人学思想,首先需要回答的是可能性的问题。从理论层面说,文化是实践的机理,实践依文化而展开;人又是实践的存在,故,人是文化的存在,人与文化密不可分。从现实层面说,文化是社会转型的深刻动因;知识经济时代的来临,文化的价值得到前所未有的凸显,“文化使局面几乎完全不一样”。任何思想都不是凭空出现的。追踪邓小平人学“思想谱系”,我们发现其是传统滋养和时代诉求的结果。中国传统民本思想、西方人本主义思想和马克思主义人学思想是邓小平人学之根;时代主题的转换、改革开放的社会实践和跌宕起伏的人生经历都深深地影响了邓小平,为其人学思想的产生和发展提供了可能。而从其要义来看,“现实的人”的逻辑起点、人民本位的思想内涵、改造世界的实现途径和实现人的发展的最终目的,充分彰显了邓小平人学思想的科学内涵。邓小平人学思想具有丰富的文化意蕴。“现实的人”出发点与人民目的论思想中蕴含回归生活世界的人学主题。人民本位主体论及改造世界路径论,彰显对感性经验与理性力量的重视,是对文化转型期复杂格局的回应。以物质文化建设为保障人夯实根基,以制度文化建设为健全人保驾护航,以精神文化建设为发展人寻求意义,说明邓小平人学思想的文化支持。“四有”新人的理想和“各美其美,美美与共”的建设路径,超越了普遍主义和相对主义的文化之争,科学地回答了文化价值评价及文化交往问题。直面当下,社会转型期中国人的精神难题和文化发展的困境,都在呼吁文化与人学的进一步结合。不管是“向文而化”,还是“为人而文”,都是邓小平人学文化观留给我们的最大启示。
[Abstract]:In today's society, people are the key to all problems. Everything depends on people, everything for people, all respect for people. As the chief designer of China's reform and opening up and socialist modernization, Deng Xiaoping has profound feelings for human beings. From the perspective of cultural philosophy, the analysis of Deng Xiaoping anthropology, that is to put it into the cultural field of the times to examine and study. People create culture, culture becomes people, people "turn to text". Therefore, only in the structure of cultural meaning can we discern the origin and direction of Deng Xiaoping's theory of human studies, grasp the essence of his thoughts and reproduce the value of his times. From the angle of cultural philosophy, the question of possibility should be answered in order to investigate Deng Xiaoping's theory of humanism. Theoretically speaking, culture is the mechanism of practice, practice is carried out according to culture, and man is the existence of practice. Therefore, man is the existence of culture, and man and culture are inseparable. On the practical level, culture is the profound motive of social transformation. With the advent of knowledge economy era, the value of culture has never been highlighted, and "culture makes the situation almost completely different". No thought comes out of nowhere. We find that Deng Xiaoping humanism is the result of tradition nourishment and times demand. The Chinese traditional people-oriented thought, the western humanism thought and the Marxist humanism thought are the root of the Deng Xiaoping humanism, the change of the era theme, the social practice of reform and opening up and the ups and downs of the life experience all have deeply influenced Deng Xiaoping, It provides the possibility for the emergence and development of his human thought. From its main point of view, the logical starting point of "realistic person", the ideological connotation of people's standard, the way to realize the transformation of the world and the ultimate aim of realizing human's development fully reveal the scientific connotation of Deng Xiaoping's humanism thought. Deng Xiaoping's theory of human studies has rich cultural implications. The starting point of "realistic man" and the thought of "people's teleology" contain the theme of human studies returning to the world of life. The people-oriented subject and the theory of changing the world path show the importance of perceptual experience and rational power, which is a response to the complex pattern in the period of cultural transformation. Taking material and cultural construction as the guarantee of human being, taking the construction of system culture as the escort of the healthy people and the spiritual and cultural construction as the development of human beings, this paper discusses the cultural support of Deng Xiaoping's theory of human studies. The ideal of "new people" and the construction path of "beauty with beauty" transcend the cultural dispute between universalism and relativism, and scientifically answer the questions of cultural value evaluation and cultural communication. Facing up to the present, Chinese people's spiritual problems and cultural development dilemma are calling for the further integration of culture and human studies. Whether it is to turn the text into the text or to write for the people, it is the greatest enlightenment left to us by Deng Xiaoping's view of human culture.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：A849

【相似文献】