马克思人与自然关系理论视域下中国社会主义实践的理论思考

发布时间：2019-01-26 08:51

【摘要】：马克思的人与自然关系理论实质上是包括通常意义上马克思自然观在内的广义人工自然观。因此马克思人工自然观首先包括天然自然与人工自然,其中,不依赖于人的意识和人类社会而存在的自然是天然自然,经过人类改造、创建、加工过的自然称作人工自然。依据人与人工自然关系的不同深度,还可以把人工自然区分为四种形态：人化自然、狭义人工自然、产业自然和社会自然。关于人工自然的产生与生产力及生产关系,本文认为产业化就是人工物的普遍化。人工自然特别是产业自然是对人工自然施加普遍化的作用形成的自然界,是人的本质力量的展示。历史上,马克思第一次确立了可以把产业看成是人的本质力量的公开展示的思想。如果说自然科学高度体现人的认知活动从而“解释世界”,产业则集中体现人的实践活动从而“改变世界”。因为产业自然是建立在一定的生产力基础上的,产业自然要求通过生产力性实现普遍性。因此为了理解生产力的本质,有必要对产业自然和生产力的关系,进而对社会自然与生产关系的关系进行深入的思考。产业自然的形成过程就是生产力的形成过程,社会自然与生产关系的形成过程密不可分,在此基础上分析了社会主义的生产力与生产关系,丰富和发展了历史唯物主义生产力与生产关系原理。本论文坚持了马克思关于人与自然关系的基本原理,立足于当代社会主义国家经济、社会发展的现实,探析马克思的人与自然关系理论对中国社会主义实践的理论的指导作用,有助于对中国社会主义实践中的重大问题,如社会主义本质论、初级阶段论、基本经济制度、市场经济、改革开放等的深层次解读,进一步完善了中国社会主义理论体系建设。充分发挥了马克思的人与自然关系理论的解释功能。
[Abstract]:Marx's theory of the relationship between man and nature is, in essence, a generalized artificial view of nature, including Marx's view of nature in the usual sense. Therefore, Marx's view of artificial nature first includes natural nature and artificial nature, among which, the nature that does not depend on human consciousness and human society is natural nature, after human transformation, created, processed nature is called artificial nature. According to the different depth of the relationship between man and artificial nature, artificial nature can be divided into four forms: humanized nature, narrow artificial nature, industrial nature and social nature. On the production of artificial nature and productive forces and relations of production, this paper holds that industrialization is the generalization of artificial objects. Artificial nature, especially industrial nature, is the generalization of artificial nature, which is the display of human essential power. For the first time in history, Marx established the idea that industry can be seen as a public display of human essential power. If the natural science highly embodies human cognitive activities to "explain the world", industry embodies the practice of human activities to "change the world." Because the nature of industry is based on certain productive forces, the nature of industry requires universality through productivity. Therefore, in order to understand the essence of productive forces, it is necessary to think deeply about the relationship between industrial nature and productive forces, and then the relationship between social nature and productive relations. The forming process of the industrial nature is the forming process of the productive forces. The social nature and the forming process of the relations of production are inseparable. On this basis, the productive forces and the relations of production of socialism are analyzed. Enriched and developed the historical materialism productive forces and the production relations principle. This paper adheres to Marx's basic principles on the relationship between man and nature, bases on the reality of the economic and social development of contemporary socialist countries, and probes into the guiding role of Marx's theory of the relationship between man and nature to the theory of Chinese socialist practice. It is helpful to the deep interpretation of the major problems in Chinese socialist practice, such as the theory of socialist essence, the theory of primary stage, the basic economic system, the market economy, the reform and opening up, and so on, thus further perfecting the construction of Chinese socialist theoretical system. Give full play to Marx's theory of the relationship between man and nature to explain the function.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811

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