城乡居民基本养老保险法律保障研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 14:49

本文选题：城乡居民 + 养老保险　；参考：《西安财经学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会保障是现代国家的一项基本社会制度,养老保险则是我国社会保障体系中最核心、最关键的部分。随着我国人口结构的变化和人均寿命的延长,家庭小型化、人口老龄化现象严重,这就使城乡居民养老问题亟待解决。2014年2月,国务院出台了《关于建立统一的城乡居民基本养老保险制度的意见》,提出在全国范围内,将新农保与城镇居保制度进行合并实施,建立全国统一的城乡居民基本养老保险,并且该制度可以和城镇企业职工保险制度衔接。该意见的出台打破了城乡有别的户籍限制,使参保人员可以平等地享受养老保险待遇,制度的设计有利于彰显社会的公平正义,有利于人口的流动,加快城镇化的步伐,在鼓励创业、拉动消费方面具有重要意义。本文首先介绍了我国养老保险的相关概念、发展历程、理论依据及建立统一城乡居民养老保险的重要意义,并考察了北京、嘉兴、郑州地区城乡居民基本养老保险制度的实施概况,北京的“仿城”设计、嘉兴的缴费年限补贴、郑州的高龄补贴都是制度的亮点。通过理论与实践的总结,主要分析了目前我国城乡居民基本养老保险制度实施中存在法律法规滞后,司法救济欠缺;资金压力较大,保值增值困难;统筹层次过低,转移接续较难;管理方式欠妥,责任划分不清等问题。我国长期的二元经济体制导致了目前养老保险的碎片化,而制度设计、管理服务社会化程度较低也是导致这些问题出现的原因。通过对美国普惠制、德国职业工种制、新加坡强制储蓄型养老保险制度的分析,其健全的法律法规,完善的基金管理,便捷的转移接续等经验值得我国借鉴。最后从完善养老保险法律法规,依法保障资金投入机制,依法规范制度运行机制,强化养老保险监督管理四个方面提出了我国城乡居民基本养老保险的完善建议。
[Abstract]:Social security is a basic social system in modern countries, and old-age insurance is the core and key part of our social security system. With the change of population structure and the prolongation of life expectancy, the phenomenon of family miniaturization and population aging is serious, which makes the pension problem of urban and rural residents urgently need to be solved in February 2014. The State Council has issued the opinions on establishing a unified basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, proposing that the new rural insurance system and the urban residence insurance system should be combined to establish a unified nationwide basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents. And this system can link up with urban enterprise worker insurance system. The introduction of the opinion broke other household registration restrictions in urban and rural areas, enabling insured personnel to enjoy pension insurance treatment on an equal footing. The design of the system is conducive to highlighting social fairness and justice, to population mobility, and to speeding up the pace of urbanization. It is of great significance in encouraging entrepreneurship and stimulating consumption. This paper first introduces the related concepts, the development course, the theoretical basis and the significance of establishing a unified pension insurance for urban and rural residents in China, and investigates Beijing and Jiaxing. The implementation of the basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents in Zhengzhou area, the design of "imitating city" in Beijing, the subsidy of payment years in Jiaxing and the old age allowance in Zhengzhou are all the highlights of the system. Through the summary of theory and practice, this paper mainly analyzes the existing laws and regulations in the implementation of the basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents in China, the lack of judicial relief, the great pressure of capital, the difficulty of maintaining and increasing value, the low level of overall planning, Transfer is difficult, management is not good, responsibility is not clear, and so on. China's long-term dual economic system has led to the fragmentation of the current pension insurance, and the low degree of socialization of system design and management services is also the cause of these problems. Through the analysis of American GSP, German job system and Singapore compulsory savings old-age insurance system, its sound laws and regulations, perfect fund management, convenient transfer and other experiences are worthy of our country's reference. Finally, the author puts forward some suggestions on the improvement of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents in China from four aspects: perfecting the laws and regulations of endowment insurance, ensuring the investment mechanism of funds according to law, standardizing the operating mechanism of the system according to law, and strengthening the supervision and management of pension insurance.
【学位授予单位】：西安财经学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.182.3

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