辽宁省城市基本公共服务质量的时空差异分析

发布时间：2018-11-02 20:05

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国积累了巨大的物质财富,随着经济社会的迅速发展以及城镇化的不断推进,人们对基本公共服务的需求不断增加,教育、文化、卫生等基本公共服务的分异现象日益明显,我国基本公共服务区域间、城乡间的非均等化问题已经十分突出。本文在介绍国内外关于基本公共服务问题的相关研究和相关理论的基础上,基于基本公共服务的内涵,从教育服务、文化服务、卫生服务、基础设施服务、社会保障服务、生态环境服务和信息化服务7个方面构建了基本公共服务质量评价指标体系,运用熵值法对2003—2013年辽宁省14市基本公共服务质量进行综合测度,并以此为变量,使用变异系数和基尼系数对辽宁省各市基本公共服务质量差异的演变过程与空间格局进行定量分析。得到以下主要结论:(1)辽宁省14市基本公共服务质量整体上升,且城市间差距呈加大趋势。各市基本公共服务质量的整体提升是对各市综合发展水平的肯定,同时更是基本公共服务建设成果的直观表现。虽然随着城市的发展,基本公共服务质量水平不断提高,但基本公共服务不均等问题并没有随着各市的发展有明显的好转。(2)各市基本公共服务质量差异总体上为增大趋势,但呈现2003—2009—2013年先增大后减小的演变趋势。各市基本公共服务的不同发展时期表现出的差异程度不同,这与城市经济发展水平、政府基本公共服务的投入力度等密切相关。随着基本公共服务体系不断完善及质量的不断提高,其均等化问题也不断得到重视,后期差异有所减小。(3)辽宁省各单项公共服务质量的地区差异变化与基本公共服务总体区域差异的变化趋势不一致。生态环境服务的变异系数基本保持平稳状态,地区间差异的变化不明显,而教育服务、文化服务和卫生服务变异系数为增加趋势,社会保障服务、基础设施和信息服务变异系数为下降趋势。辽宁省各市在各单项公共服务的比较优势不同以及发展的侧重点不同是各单项公共服务发展差距的主要因素,并导致各单项公共服务质量的地区差异变化与基本公共服务总系统区域差异的变化趋势不一致。(4)辽宁省各市基本公共服务质量空间极化作用不断增强,表现为不断向“沈阳—大连、盘锦—本溪”的“十字”轴线紧靠。2003—2013年各市以发散为主,形成了一个大片发散区域,基本公共服务质量的总体差异呈现出扩大的趋势。基本公共服务质量差异的空间特征真实地反映了各市间基本公共服务质量发展的现实格局,同时也一定程度上反应了经济发展的差异格局。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has accumulated enormous material wealth. With the rapid development of economy and society and the continuous promotion of urbanization, people's demand for basic public services is increasing, education, culture, The differentiation of basic public services such as health is becoming more and more obvious. The problem of non-equalization between urban and rural areas of basic public services in China has become very prominent. On the basis of introducing the relevant research and theory of basic public service at home and abroad, this paper, based on the connotation of basic public service, includes education service, cultural service, health service, infrastructure service, social security service, etc. The evaluation index system of basic public service quality is constructed in seven aspects of ecological environment service and information service. The quality of basic public service in 14 cities of Liaoning Province from 2003 to 2013 is comprehensively measured by entropy method, which is regarded as variable. The variation coefficient and Gini coefficient were used to quantitatively analyze the evolution process and spatial pattern of the quality of basic public service in Liaoning Province. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the quality of basic public service in 14 cities of Liaoning Province is increasing, and the gap between cities is increasing. The overall improvement of the quality of basic public service in each city is the affirmation of the comprehensive development level of each city, and it is also an intuitive manifestation of the achievements of the construction of basic public service. Although with the development of the city, the quality of basic public service has been improved. However, the inequality of basic public service has not improved obviously with the development of cities. (2) the quality difference of basic public service in each city is increasing as a whole, but it shows an evolutionary trend of increasing first and then decreasing from 2003-2009 to 2013. The development of basic public services in different cities shows different degrees of difference, which is closely related to the level of urban economic development and the government's investment in basic public services. With the continuous improvement of the basic public service system and the continuous improvement of its quality, the issue of equalization has been paid more and more attention. (3) the regional variation of the quality of public service in Liaoning Province is not consistent with the overall regional difference of basic public service. The coefficient of variation of ecological and environmental services remained stable basically, the variation of regional differences was not obvious, while the coefficient of variation of educational services, cultural services and health services was an increasing trend, social security services, social security services, The coefficient of variation of infrastructure and information services is declining. The difference of comparative advantage and the emphasis of development of each single public service in Liaoning Province is the main factor of the disparity in the development of individual public service. As a result, the regional variation of the quality of public service is inconsistent with the regional difference of the total system of basic public service. (4) the function of spatial polarization of the quality of basic public service in each city of Liaoning Province is increasing. It is shown that the cross axis of "Shenyang-Dalian, Panjin-Benxi" is close to the "cross" axis. From 2003 to 2013, the cities focused on divergence, forming a large area of divergence, and the overall difference in the quality of basic public service showed a trend of expansion. The spatial characteristics of the difference of basic public service quality truly reflect the realistic pattern of the development of basic public service quality among different cities, and at the same time, to some extent, it also reflects the different pattern of economic development.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D630

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