宅基地使用权流转影响因素研究

发布时间：2019-06-16 13:50

【摘要】：宅基地作为农民的一项“福利性”资产,不仅为其居住生活提供了保障,而且对于农村社会的稳定有着不可替代的作用。国家为了维护农民的居住权利和保障农用地安全,禁止农民随意流转宅基地。近些年来,随着我国经济的发展和城镇化进程的加快,农村人口逐渐向城市转移,但是由于宅基地的流转限制,直接导致了城市建设用地紧缺和宅基地大量闲置之间的矛盾,同时农民也不再满足于宅基地的居住保障功能而是希望通过流转来获取资产收益,宅基地的“隐形流转”现象已经屡见不鲜。在这种背景下,国家开始探索宅基地使用权流转的有效途径,天津、重庆、嘉兴等地也率先开始了流转试点工作。十八届三中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》也指出要赋予农民更多的财产权利,改革完善农村宅基地制度,探索农民增加财产性收入渠道。鉴于此,本文研究了宅基地使用权流转的影响因素并有针对性地提出促进宅基地流转的相关建议,以期为我国宅基地制度的改革提供些许参考。本文首先提出当前宅基地流转的必要性,并对我国宅基地流转的现状和存在的问题进行分析,明确宅基地流转是我国建设新型城镇化、合理配置土地资源和提高农民收入的必然要求。在此基础上,重点对影响宅基地流转的因素进行了分析。根据影响因素的来源将其分为外部因素和内部因素,其中外部因素又包括阻力因素和动力因素;内部因素包括农户个人特征、家庭特征等。然后以河南省濮阳市为例,建立Logistic回归模型进行了实证分析。结果表明,除外部阻力和动力因素之外,农户性别、年龄、职业、文化程度、家庭外出人口比、收入来源、宅基地和县城距离、家庭拥有房屋的数量和宅基地面积以及是否发生过耕地流转均在不同程度上对于农户的宅基地流转意愿有着显著的影响。根据分析结果,本文提出推进宅基流转工作有序进行的相关建议:尊重农户意愿,提高农户科学自主决策水平;消除宅基地流转的阻力因素包括:强化宅基地使用权能、完善宅基地相关法律制度和社会保障制度;激发宅基地流转的动力因素包括:建立宅基地流转收益分配机制保障农民获得宅基地资产收益的权利、科学规划新农村建设创造良好的生活居住环境。
[Abstract]:As a "welfare" asset of farmers, homestead not only provides a guarantee for their living life, but also plays an irreplaceable role in the stability of rural society. In order to safeguard farmers' living rights and ensure the safety of agricultural land, the state forbids farmers to transfer homestead at will. In recent years, with the development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization in our country, the rural population has gradually transferred to the city. However, due to the restriction of the circulation of homestead, it has directly led to the contradiction between the shortage of urban construction land and a large number of idle homestead. At the same time, farmers are no longer satisfied with the residential security function of homestead, but hope to obtain asset income through circulation. In this context, the state began to explore an effective way to transfer the right to use homestead, Tianjin, Chongqing, Jiaxing and other places also took the lead in starting the circulation pilot work. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee also pointed out that it is necessary to give farmers more property rights, reform and improve the rural homestead system, and explore channels for farmers to increase their property income. In view of this, this paper studies the influencing factors of the circulation of the right to use the homestead and puts forward some relevant suggestions to promote the circulation of the homestead, in order to provide some reference for the reform of the homestead system in our country. This paper first puts forward the necessity of the current homestead circulation, and analyzes the present situation and existing problems of the homestead circulation in our country, and makes it clear that the homestead circulation is the inevitable requirement for the construction of new urbanization, the rational allocation of land resources and the improvement of farmers' income. On this basis, the factors that affect the circulation of homestead are analyzed. According to the source of the influencing factors, it is divided into external factors and internal factors, in which the external factors include resistance factors and dynamic factors, and the internal factors include the personal characteristics of farmers, family characteristics and so on. Then, taking Puyang City, Henan Province as an example, the Logistic regression model is established for empirical analysis. The results show that, in addition to external resistance and dynamic factors, farmers' sex, age, occupation, educational level, family population ratio, income source, distance between homestead and county seat, the number of houses owned by families, the area of homestead and whether there has been cultivated land circulation have significant effects on farmers' willingness to transfer homestead to varying degrees. According to the results of the analysis, this paper puts forward some suggestions to promote the orderly progress of homestead circulation: respect the wishes of farmers, improve the level of scientific and independent decision-making of farmers, eliminate the resistance factors of homestead circulation, including strengthening the right to use homestead, perfecting the relevant legal system and social security system of homestead; The motive factors to stimulate the circulation of homestead include: establishing the distribution mechanism of the income of homestead circulation to ensure the right of farmers to obtain the income of homestead assets, scientifically planning the construction of new countryside to create a good living environment.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F301.3

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