男性未成年犯父亲形象探究

发布时间：2018-01-07 18:36

本文关键词：男性未成年犯父亲形象探究　出处：《华东师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：心理学角度的父亲形象是指人的记忆和想象中的父亲形象,主要包括父亲本身的人格特征及其与家人的互动,父亲管教子女的方式对子女的影响,还有父亲在家中的地位、作用等方面。不同文化背景、不同群体下的人对父亲会有不同的理解。大量发展心理学的研究揭示,父亲对孩子发展具有重要影响,父亲影响了儿童和青少年的各方面发展,包括孩子个性心理、道德品行、行为模式等诸方面的发展。儿童与青少年的行为偏差和品行不良问题如果得不到正确与良好的引导,很有可能恶化为犯罪行为。在当今社会,未成年犯罪问题己成为最让人们困扰的,最亟待解决的问题；自二十世纪八十年代以来,我国未成年人犯罪越来越严重。根据相关部门调查,因为不良家庭因素造成未成年人犯罪的约占70%,也就是说大多数的问题少年是出自于问题家庭的。其中,父母的教养是不容忽视的一方面。因此,本研究以父亲在位理论为基础,通过外显问卷,内隐实验和质性访谈等多角度的研究方法,探究未成年犯的父亲形象,为预防未成年犯罪提供理论参考与操作性指导。本研究分为三个部分：第一,通过自编的《父亲形象语义差别问卷》来测量男性未成年犯的外显父亲形象；第二,运用IAT实验方法考察男性未成年犯的内隐父亲形象,与外显父亲形象进行比较；第三,通过质性访谈,对资料进行系统编码考察男性未成年犯的父亲形象构成。研究发现：(1)男性未成年犯的外显父亲形象良好,尤其在工作能力和性格个性方面,评价很高,与中国传统文化中父亲的表现要求相符合,而其在家庭表现与人际交往方面明显高于大学生对照组,表现出较为显著的社会赞许性；(2)男性未成年犯的内隐父亲形象不佳,没有出现IAT效应,在家庭表现维度甚至出现了消极的IAT效应,表明其对父亲的表现并不满意；(3)访谈中发现,男性未成年犯对于父亲能力与性格的评价较高,与问卷结果一致,而对于父亲的家庭表现特别是亲子互动方面存在较大不满；(4)男性未成年犯的父亲对待孩子表现出明显的缺乏陪伴与沟通,教育方式简单粗暴以及不尊重孩子的个人看法等；(5)男性未成年犯的理想父亲形象包括科学的教育方式,平等的沟通交流,理解与尊重孩子以及陪伴孩子的成长等,即高质量的父亲在位水平；(6)成长过程中父亲的缺失对于未成年犯罪有着重要影响。
[Abstract]:Psychology refers to the father image in the memory and imagination of the father image, interactive personality including father itself and the family, the father's influence parenting styles on children, and the father in the family's status, role and other aspects. Different cultural backgrounds, different groups of people have different understanding of the father. A lot of research in developmental psychology revealed that the father has an important influence on the development of children, the father of the children and adolescents affected all aspects of development, including children, personality psychology, morality, behavior and other aspects of the development. The behavior deviation and bad behavior problems in children and adolescents without proper guidance and well, it is likely to worsen as a crime. In today's society, juvenile delinquency has become the most troubled people, the most urgent problem to be solved; since twentieth Century eighty Since the 1990s, China's juvenile delinquency is becoming more and more serious. According to the relevant departments for investigation, because of bad family factors caused the minor crime accounted for about 70%, that is to say the problem is most young from the family. Among them, parenting is a can not be ignored. Therefore, in this study, father theory based on the explicit questionnaire research method, implicit experiments and qualitative interviews and other multi angle, explore the juvenile father image, to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for the prevention of juvenile crime.
This study is divided into three parts: first, the father image semantic differential questionnaire > self < to measure male juvenile delinquents explicit father image; second, using the IAT experimental method to study the male juvenile implicit father image made, compared with the explicit father image; third, through qualitative interviews. The data were investigated male juvenile offenders system encoding the image of his father.
The study found that: (1) male juvenile delinquents explicit father good image, especially in personality work ability and personality, the evaluation is very high, conform with the requirements of the father China in traditional culture, and its performance in the family and interpersonal aspects of college students was significantly higher than that in control group, showing the social desirability of significant; (2) male juvenile delinquents implicit father image is poor, the IAT effect did not occur in the family, dimensions and even a IAT negative effect, indicating that it is not satisfied with his father's performance; (3) interviews found that the male juvenile offenders assessment for father's ability and character of high consistency with the result of the questionnaire, and for his father's family especially there is a great dissatisfaction with the parent-child interaction; (4) male juvenile offenders of the father to the children showed a significant lack of companionship and communication, education methods are simple and rude to And do not respect the child's personal views; (5) male juvenile offenders image of ideal father including science education, equal communication, understanding and respect for the child and accompany the child's growth, namely high quality father level; (6) the lack of father's growth process plays an important role for minor crimes.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：C913.1;C913.5

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