探索一种对人类的新看法——我们时代交汇点上的文化差异性与一致性

发布时间：2019-03-27 07:29

【摘要】：本文的重点在于分析诸如"人类"等普遍概念在文化认同形成过程中的作用。一直以来,认同这一概念都是既具体又特殊的,因此将普遍性应用于认同形成过程中就产生了逻辑上的困难:即如何平衡这两者之间的关系。传统的观点认为,普遍性因素是为种族中心主义服务的,也即通过对其他人的特殊性的歧视而分离出对其自身的认同。然而由于被歧视的这部分人也离不开普遍性,所以跨文化关系的一个重要特点就是不同普遍性间的斗争,对人类的认识也是如此。全球化的浪潮不但强化而且激化了这种斗争,因此以一种全新的方式将认同形成过程中的各种共性的作用概念化就显得比以往更加重要了。有人一定会问:真的有可能超越种族中心主义那强大而有效的逻辑吗?在这里,文化认同中内在的普遍主义给我们提供了一个机会,这样我们就可以找到一条将各种不同的文化认同联系起来的新路。之所以会有这样一个机会则是由于各种共性因其自身逻辑而发挥出的整体作用,因此共性可以被视为一座连接各种文化差异的纽带。但是由于一种认同相对于其他认同而言依然存在着特殊性,那么各种共性,比如人类这一概念的纽带作用就必须接受仔细的考量。对这一问题的思考重点是一种关于跨文化关系由排他转向包容的结构性变化的观点。本文的论述目的是希望"人类"这一理念在认同形成过程中可以起到一种更为包容的作用,同时,本文也将人性作为一个可以完成上述任务的场所,并将其作为一个主题来加以讨论和研究。
[Abstract]:The focus of this paper is to analyze the role of universal concepts such as human beings in the formation of cultural identity. Since the concept of identity has always been specific and special, the application of universality in the process of identity formation has created logical difficulties: how to balance the relationship between the two. The traditional point of view is that the universal factor serves ethnocentrism, that is, by discriminating against the particularity of others, it separates the identity of itself. However, since the people who are discriminated against are also inseparable from universality, an important feature of cross-cultural relations is the struggle between different universality, as well as the recognition of human beings. The wave of globalization not only intensifies and intensifies this struggle, so it is more important than ever to conceptualize the role of various commonalities in the process of identity formation in a new way. One might ask: is it really possible to transcend the powerful and effective logic of ethnocentrism? Here, the universalism inherent in cultural identity offers us an opportunity to find a new way to link different cultural identities. Such an opportunity is due to the overall role of various commonalities due to their own logic, so generality can be regarded as a link linking cultural differences. However, because of the particularity of one identity relative to others, all kinds of commonalities, such as the bond function of the concept of human beings, must be carefully considered. The focus of reflection on this issue is a view of structural changes in cross-cultural relations from exclusivity to inclusiveness. The purpose of this paper is to hope that the concept of "human" can play a more inclusive role in the process of identity formation. At the same time, this paper also regards human nature as a place where the above tasks can be accomplished. And take it as a subject to discuss and study.
【作者单位】：埃森文化研究所;辽宁师范大学外国语学院;
【分类号】：K0

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