伊朗政治地理特征研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 03:53

本文选题：伊朗 + 地理环境　；参考：《西南大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 伊朗是中东地区的大国,又是当今国际上的热点国家。伊朗的地理位置重要且政治模式独特。本文试从空间的观点研究伊朗的政治现象和政治过程的原因与结果;从地理的角度研究伊朗的政治现象和政治过程在地理空间中的分布规律。全文共分为六章：第一章阐述论文的选题背景及意义,分析西方政治地理思想的演变和国内外对伊朗政治地理研究的现状。第二章分析伊朗的政治模式特点。伊朗实行的是政教合一、神权高于一切的政治体制。最高领袖不仅是宗教领袖,也是政治权威。第三章分析地理环境对伊朗国家空间特征的影响。地理区位对伊朗的经济、生活、文化等方面的影响；伊朗的领土、首都、核心区、边疆、边界及边界问题等的特点;伊朗的综合国力及行政区划特征。第四章阐述地理环境对伊朗国体与政体的影响。在伊朗伊斯兰宪法及神权政体的形成和发展过程中,地理环境因素也是影响的因素之一。伊朗的选举制度、政党制度在地域上的差别并不明显。伊朗的几次总统选举是派系斗争的过程,几次的选举结果表明,伊朗的核心地区与边疆地区,城市和农村地区对伊朗政治的关心程度差别很大。第五章分析地理环境对伊朗内政与外交战略的影响。从霍梅尼时期的地理伊斯兰化到哈梅内伊时期的地缘政治化,面对伊朗的严峻的地缘政治形势,伊朗的内政与外交战略在考验中日臻成熟。伊朗与阿拉伯半岛相邻以及相似的地理环境使得伊斯兰教在伊朗广泛传播。伊斯兰教的教义和传统已渗透到国家政治生活和社会生活的各个层面,对伊朗的民族传统、生活方式、社会政治、经济、文化活动准则和社会道德规范等各方面都有着深远的影响。伊朗伊斯兰共和国成立之后,进行了广泛的伊斯兰化运动。但是在复杂的国际环境下,伊朗又不得不在变革中寻找自己的大国之路。第六章伊朗的地理位置以及丰富的油气资源使伊朗成为一个国际热点国家。伊朗的地理环境与人民接纳了伊斯兰教。伊斯兰教在伊朗的传播与伊朗的政治体制的形成密切相关。在西方和伊朗周边国家对伊朗神权政体的打压下,又产生了伊朗核问题。这一系列事件的发生都与伊朗的地理位置、资源、地理环境以及宗教等因素密切相关。暴动而不反动的伊朗国内政治,是伊朗的神权政体对伊朗地理环境的适应性的表现。从全国的层面来说,伊朗的政治空间可以划分为城市政治空间和农村政治空间两部分。城市处于政治活动的中心地带,农村则处于边缘地带。然而伊朗政治的内部斗争性将逐渐把斗争的战场从城市扩展到农村,农村在政治活动中的地位将凸显。从地区和世界的层面来说,伊朗被美国的势力包围,与不同体制的阿拉伯国家为邻,伊朗在周边地缘政治环境中的处境困难。伊朗不同派别的执政给伊朗的地缘政治环境带来不同的变化,但总的方向是朝着逐步弱化泛伊斯兰主义,走到务实的外交路线上来。伊朗不想孤立于世界大家庭之外,这也是伊朗将来的前进方向。
[Abstract]:Iran is a big country in the Middle East and a hot country in the world today. The geographical position of Iran is very important and its political model is unique. This paper tries to study the reasons and results of the political phenomena and political processes in Iran from the viewpoint of space, and studies the distribution law of the political phenomena and political processes in the geographical space from the geographical point of view of Iran.
The full text is divided into six chapters.
The first chapter expounds the background and significance of the topic selection, analyzes the evolution of Western political geography thought and the current situation of Iran's political geography research.
The second chapter analyzes the characteristics of the political model in Iran. Iran implements the unity of politics and religion, and the divine right is higher than all political systems. The supreme leader is not only a religious leader, but also a political authority.
The third chapter analyzes the influence of geographical environment on the national spatial characteristics of Iran, the influence of geographical location on Iran's economy, life and culture, and the characteristics of Iran's territory, capital, core area, border area, boundary and boundary problems, and Iran's comprehensive national strength and administrative division characteristics.
The fourth chapter expounds the influence of geographical environment on the state and the regime of Iran. In the course of the formation and development of Iran's Islamic constitution and theocracy, the geographical and environmental factors are also one of the factors affecting the geographical environment. The electoral system in Iran and the regional differences in the political party system are not obvious. Several presidential elections in Iran are the process of factional struggle. The election results show that Iran's core areas and border areas, urban and rural areas have different degrees of concern for Iran's politics.
The fifth chapter analyzes the influence of geographical environment on the internal affairs and diplomatic strategy of Iran. From the geographical Islamization of Khomeini period to the geopolitics of Ali Khamenei period, facing the severe geopolitical situation of Iran, Iran's internal affairs and diplomatic strategy are becoming more mature.
Iran is adjacent to the Arabia Peninsula and the similar geographical environment makes Islam spread widely in Iran. The teachings and traditions of Islam have permeated all levels of the political and social life of the country, and on the ethnic traditions, lifestyles, socio political, economic, cultural norms and social ethics of Iran. There was a profound influence. After the founding of Islamic Republic of Iran, a wide range of Islamism was carried out. But in a complex international environment, Iran had to look for its own great power in the change.
The sixth chapter, the geographical position of Iran and the rich oil and gas resources, made Iran an international hot country. The geographical environment and the people of Iran accepted Islam. The spread of Islam in Iran was closely related to the formation of the political system of Iran. Under the pressure of the West and the neighboring countries of Iran to the theocratic regime of Iran, it came into being. The Iran nuclear issue is closely related to Iran's geographical location, resources, geographical environment and religion.
Iran's domestic politics, which is insurgency without reactionary action, is a manifestation of the adaptability of Iran's theocratic regime to Iran's geographical environment.
From the national level, the political space of Iran can be divided into two parts: the urban political space and the rural political space. The city is in the center of the political activities and the countryside is on the edge. However, the internal struggle of Iran's politics will gradually expand the battle field from the city to the countryside, and the status of the countryside in the political activities. It will highlight.
From the regional and world level, Iran is surrounded by the forces of the United States, neighbours with the Arabia countries of different systems, and Iran is in a difficult position in the surrounding geopolitical environment. The ruling of the different factions of Iran has brought different changes to the geopolitical environment of Iran, but the general direction is to gradually weaken the pan Islamism and go to the country. Iran does not want to isolate itself from the world's family. This is also the way forward for Iran.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D815.4

【参考文献】