国际货币基金组织改革及中国对策
发布时间：2018-07-27 17:25
【摘要】：国际货币基金组织(IMF)是当今所有国际金融组织当中规模最大、成员最多、影响最为广泛的国际组织。随着世界经济格局的不断变化以及国际金融海啸的巨大的破坏性作用,IMF的成员国对IMF的内部权力的分配以及IMF“救火”能力欠佳以及无以“防火”的做法越来越不满。本文将从IMF投票权和份额、组织机构、特别提款权、监督以及IMF内部西方国家的权力过重入手,指出IMF内部投票权和份额计算必须重新分配,需要多数票通过的事项必须调整;组织机构的调整必须更加注重发展中国声音的表达,在执行董事会上,必须给予欠发达国家更多的席位; 在特别提款权方面,由于主权国家货币不可克服的固有缺陷,造成了国际货币体系的严重动荡,要建立一种确保价值稳定的国际储备货币;在贷款方面,对发展中国家的贷款限制条件以及促进危机化解和解除的药方脱离发展中国家的实际;在监督方面, IMF对发达国家的监管严重缺失,使得IMF的危机救援活动往往滞后,无法事前预警。中国作为世界第二大经济体,在IMF的改革中必须发挥重要作用,努力的方向主要包括:在IMF内调整份额计算结构和计算公式;确保特别提款权币值稳定,支持其成为国际储备货币;推动建立公平、公正、包容有序的国际货币体系,支持IMF对发达国家加强金融监管和监督,防范系统性金融风险,引进中央对手交易,加强对国际三大信用评级机构的监督,保证其独立性;支持发展中国家在IMF中获得更大的话语权,扩大IMF的代表性,增强发展中国家的之间的合作,通过货币互换等双边或者多边的合作增强发展中国家集体行动的效率。
[Abstract]:The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the largest and most influential international financial organization. With the changing world economy and the devastating effects of the international financial tsunami, the IMF members are increasingly dissatisfied with the distribution of power within the IMF, the poor ability of the IMF to "fight fire" and the lack of "fire prevention". This paper will start with the voting rights and shares of IMF, organization, SDR, supervision and the excessive power of western countries within IMF, and point out that the voting rights and share calculation of IMF must be redistributed, and the items that need to be adopted by majority vote must be adjusted. The restructuring of the organization must pay more attention to the voice of developing countries, to the executive board, to more seats for less developed countries, and in the case of special drawing rights, due to the inherent shortcomings of sovereign currencies, Causing serious instability in the international monetary system, creating an international reserve currency that ensures stability in value; in terms of lending, Lending restrictions on developing countries and prescriptions to promote crisis resolution and resolution are divorced from the reality of developing countries. In terms of supervision, the IMF's serious lack of supervision over developed countries often makes IMF's crisis relief activities lag behind. There is no advance warning. As the second largest economy in the world, China must play an important role in the reform of the IMF. The main directions of its efforts include: adjusting the structure and formula for calculating shares within the IMF; and ensuring the stability of the value of the special drawing rights (SDR) currency. To support it as an international reserve currency; to promote a fair, equitable, inclusive and orderly international monetary system; to support the IMF in strengthening financial supervision and supervision over developed countries; to guard against systemic financial risks; and to introduce central counterparty transactions, Strengthening supervision of the three major international credit rating agencies to ensure their independence, supporting developing countries to gain a greater voice in the IMF, expanding the representation of the IMF, and enhancing cooperation among developing countries, Enhance the effectiveness of collective action by developing countries through bilateral or multilateral cooperation such as currency swaps.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D813.7
本文编号：2148597
[Abstract]:The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the largest and most influential international financial organization. With the changing world economy and the devastating effects of the international financial tsunami, the IMF members are increasingly dissatisfied with the distribution of power within the IMF, the poor ability of the IMF to "fight fire" and the lack of "fire prevention". This paper will start with the voting rights and shares of IMF, organization, SDR, supervision and the excessive power of western countries within IMF, and point out that the voting rights and share calculation of IMF must be redistributed, and the items that need to be adopted by majority vote must be adjusted. The restructuring of the organization must pay more attention to the voice of developing countries, to the executive board, to more seats for less developed countries, and in the case of special drawing rights, due to the inherent shortcomings of sovereign currencies, Causing serious instability in the international monetary system, creating an international reserve currency that ensures stability in value; in terms of lending, Lending restrictions on developing countries and prescriptions to promote crisis resolution and resolution are divorced from the reality of developing countries. In terms of supervision, the IMF's serious lack of supervision over developed countries often makes IMF's crisis relief activities lag behind. There is no advance warning. As the second largest economy in the world, China must play an important role in the reform of the IMF. The main directions of its efforts include: adjusting the structure and formula for calculating shares within the IMF; and ensuring the stability of the value of the special drawing rights (SDR) currency. To support it as an international reserve currency; to promote a fair, equitable, inclusive and orderly international monetary system; to support the IMF in strengthening financial supervision and supervision over developed countries; to guard against systemic financial risks; and to introduce central counterparty transactions, Strengthening supervision of the three major international credit rating agencies to ensure their independence, supporting developing countries to gain a greater voice in the IMF, expanding the representation of the IMF, and enhancing cooperation among developing countries, Enhance the effectiveness of collective action by developing countries through bilateral or multilateral cooperation such as currency swaps.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D813.7
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