大国在中东伊斯兰地区军事基地的获取方式及其对中国的启示

发布时间：2018-07-27 20:51

【摘要】：海外军事基地研究的重要领域是基地的获取方式。本文归纳出大国获取海外军事基地的六种方式,即殖民统治、和平转让、军事占领、军事结盟、提供援助和撤离原住民,并以美、英、法、俄、日、印六国在中东伊斯兰地区军事部署为例加以实证检验。研究显示:在不同的国家、历史时期和地缘环境下,上述六种手段的作用不同。军事结盟和提供援助是大国在该地区部署军事基地的主要手段;殖民统治是英法获取军事基地的重要手段;军事占领是美国获取军事基地的主要手段;和平转让与撤离原住民是大国获取军事基地的补充手段。中国在中东虽无军事基地却有军事存在,以索马里护航编队、维和部队等为主要形式。为更好地保护海外利益,增强人道主义救援能力,中国在中东伊斯兰国家建立任务导向型后勤补给基地具有必要性,其获取方式将以政治谈判和外交协商为主,不同于其他大国的获取方式。
[Abstract]:The important field of overseas military base research is how to obtain the base. This paper sums up six ways for the great powers to obtain overseas military bases, namely colonial rule, peaceful transfer, military occupation, military alliance, assistance and evacuation of the aborigines, and the United States, Britain, France, Russia, Japan, the United States, Britain, France, Russia and Japan. India-six countries in the Islamic region of the Middle East military deployment as an example to empirical test. The study shows that the above six methods play different roles in different countries, historical periods and geographical environments. Military alliance and assistance are the main means for the major powers to deploy military bases in the region, colonial rule is an important means for Britain and France to acquire military bases, military occupation is the main means for the United States to acquire military bases; Peaceful transfer and evacuation of indigenous peoples are complementary means for large countries to acquire military bases. China has no military base but a military presence in the Middle East, mainly in the form of Somali convoy and peacekeeping forces. In order to better protect overseas interests and enhance the ability of humanitarian relief, it is necessary for China to establish a mission-oriented logistics supply base in the Islamic countries of the Middle East, which will be obtained mainly through political negotiations and diplomatic consultations. Different from other major countries in the way of access.
【作者单位】：上海外国语大学中东研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“美国在中东伊斯兰地区军事基地的战略部署与调整趋势研究”(13CGJ042)的前期成果教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”(NCET) 上海市“浦江人才计划”(14PJC092) 上海高校一流学科“政治学”资助
【分类号】：D815.4

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