不在场的记忆——遗忘的出场学视域分析

发布时间：2018-04-04 02:27

本文选题：遗忘　切入点：不在场的记忆　出处：《首都师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年05期

【摘要】：与记忆显而易见的“善”不同,遗忘常被视为要积极克服的“恶”。事实上,遗忘本就是记忆,是在特定情形下记忆的退场,是不在场的记忆。这种退场既有自然衰退的原因,更是社会建构的结果,从其价值属性上来说也并非一味的“恶”。根据遗忘不同的发生机制和价值属性,记忆的退场方式即遗忘的生成可分为两类:一是被动式遗忘或自然性遗忘;二是主动式遗忘或建构性遗忘,其中又包括建设性遗忘、压制性遗忘、自我保护性遗忘和保存性遗忘四种类型。主动式遗忘或说建构性遗忘是主要的遗忘方式,对社会的影响也更为深远。退场的记忆能否再出场以及如何再出场,受制于社会的需要与权力的制衡,处在未决的状态,而网络媒介时代记忆文化规则的改变和颠覆让遗忘的命运又多了一层不确定性。
[Abstract]:Unlike the obvious "good" of memory, forgetting is often seen as an evil to overcome actively.In fact, forgetting is memory, the exit of memory under certain circumstances, the memory that is not present.This exit is not only the reason of natural decline, but also the result of social construction.According to the different mechanisms and value attributes of forgetting, the exit mode of memory, that is, the generation of forgetting, can be divided into two categories: one is passive or natural forgetting, the other is active or constructive forgetting, which includes constructive forgetting.There are four types of forgetfulness: repressive amnesia, self-protective amnesia and conservation amnesia.Active forgetting or constructive forgetting is the main way of forgetting, and the influence on society is more profound.Whether and how the outgoing memory can come out again and how to re-appear is restricted by the needs of the society and the checks and balances of power, and it is in a pending state, while the change and subversion of memory cultural rules in the era of network media makes the fate of forgetting more uncertain.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学文化研究院;首都师范大学文学院;
【分类号】：G02

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