葛兰西的文化领导权理论及其当代启示
发布时间：2019-04-12 16:28
【摘要】：葛兰西作为早期西方马克思主义的主要代表人物之一，以其扎实的哲学理论基础，深邃的西方文化修养，并结合自身的革命实践经验，对东西方无产阶级革命的客观状况及其经验教训进行了深刻的总结和分析。在此基础上，葛兰西提出并形成了著名的文化领导权理论，并在其著作《狱中札记》中对这一理论作出了相对系统的阐述，力图找到适合西方发达国家社会具体历史状况的无产阶级革命路径。葛兰西的文化领导权理论指出统治阶级政权的实现不仅需要依靠政治上的外在强制性，而且还需要文化和意识形态领域的领导职能来实现。文化领导权的获得为国家政权在意识形态领域内提供了文化和道德层面上的正当性与合法性，也为西方社会的无产阶级革命开辟了新的斗争战略，改变了暴力革命这一单一的斗争方式。革命的总体路径为从市民社会这一现实斗争场所出发，充分发挥有机知识分子和政党的职能作用，以阵地战的革命方式实现文化领导权的获得，进而实现国家政权的建立、巩固和发展。 文化领导权理论是葛兰西思想的重要组成部分，本文以《狱中札记》为主要文本，分三个部分展开对于这一思想的研究。第一部分对葛兰西文化领导权理论形成的时代背景、理论来源和现实基础进行研究，认为葛兰西是结合国际、国内的具体时代背景和现实历史状况以及个人的社会实践活动经历，在批判继承马克思主义理论和意大利传统理论的基础上，提出并形成了文化领导权理论。第二部分从市民社会、有机知识分子和意识形态与文化领导权的关系角度出发对文化领导权理论的基本内容进行阐释。市民社会是葛兰西文化领导权的理论起点，同时也是获得文化领导权的现实领域。基于对国家和市民社会的全新认识，葛兰西指出西方社会主义革命取得胜利的首要任务就是夺取文化领导权，有机知识分子是文化领导权实现过程中的现实主体力量，文化领导权的获取为无产阶级政权在意识形态领域中寻找到了深层次上的合法性支持。第三部分对葛兰西文化领导权理论进行评析并阐发其当代启示。葛兰西的文化领导权理论是对马克思主义理论的继承和创新，是基于市民社会的结构特征对东西方社会主义革命经验教训的总结，，为西方无产阶级制定了独特的革命战略方式，即以市民社会和意识形态领导权为中心的西方革命理论。当代，伴随着全球化、国际化趋势的日益加强，我们在迎来多重机遇的同时也面临着诸多挑战，不同民族、国家、地区之间的竞争和利益冲突也日渐加剧，多元文化之间的相互激荡加剧了意识形态领域的错综复杂，葛兰西的文化领导权理论为社会的政治文化建设方面带来了诸多启示。
[Abstract]:As one of the main representatives of early Western Marxism, Gramsci, with his solid philosophical theoretical foundation, profound western cultural accomplishment, and combined with his own revolutionary practical experience, This paper makes a profound summary and analysis of the objective situation of the proletarian revolution in the East and the West as well as its experiences and lessons. On this basis, Gramsci put forward and formed a well-known theory of cultural leadership, and made a relatively systematic exposition of this theory in his book Reading Notes in Prison. Trying to find the path of proletarian revolution suitable for the specific historical situation of western developed countries. Gramsci's theory of cultural leadership points out that the realization of ruling class power depends not only on the external political compulsion, but also on the leadership functions in the cultural and ideological fields. The acquisition of cultural leadership provides the legitimacy and legitimacy of the state power at the cultural and moral levels in the field of ideology, and also opens up a new struggle strategy for the proletarian revolution in the western society. It has changed the single way of struggle of the violent revolution. The overall path of the revolution is to give full play to the functions of the organic intellectuals and political parties from the civil society as a realistic place of struggle, to achieve the acquisition of cultural leadership in the revolutionary way of field warfare, and thus to realize the establishment of the state power. Consolidation and development. The theory of cultural leadership is an important part of Gramsci's thought. This paper takes Prison Reading Notes as the main text, which is divided into three parts to carry out the study of this thought. The first part studies the era background, theoretical source and realistic foundation of the formation of Gramsci's cultural leadership theory, and thinks that Gramsci is integrated with the international. On the basis of critical inheritance of Marxist theory and Italian traditional theory, the theory of cultural leadership has been put forward and formed on the basis of the specific background of the times, the realistic historical situation and the experience of individual social practice activities in China. The second part explains the basic contents of the theory of cultural leadership from the angle of the relationship between civil society, organic intellectuals and ideology and cultural leadership. Civil society is not only the theoretical starting point of Gramsci's cultural leadership, but also the realistic field of obtaining cultural leadership. Based on a new understanding of the state and civil society, Gramsci pointed out that the first task for the victory of the western socialist revolution is to seize cultural leadership, and that organic intellectuals are the realistic main force in the process of realizing the cultural leadership. The acquisition of cultural leadership provides the proletarian regime with deep-seated legitimacy support in the ideological field. The third part comments on Gramsci's theory of cultural leadership and expounds its contemporary enlightenment. Gramsci's theory of cultural leadership is the inheritance and innovation of Marxist theory. It is a summary of the experiences and lessons of the socialist revolution in the East and the West based on the structural characteristics of the civil society, and it sets out a unique revolutionary strategy for the Western proletariat. That is, the western revolutionary theory centered on civil society and ideological leadership. At present, with globalization and the increasing trend of internationalization, we are facing many challenges at the same time as we welcome multiple opportunities. Competition and conflicts of interest between different nationalities, countries and regions are also intensifying day by day. The interplay of multiculturalism intensifies the complexity of the ideological field. Gramsci's theory of cultural leadership has brought many enlightenments to the political and cultural construction of the society.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G02
本文编号：2457178
[Abstract]:As one of the main representatives of early Western Marxism, Gramsci, with his solid philosophical theoretical foundation, profound western cultural accomplishment, and combined with his own revolutionary practical experience, This paper makes a profound summary and analysis of the objective situation of the proletarian revolution in the East and the West as well as its experiences and lessons. On this basis, Gramsci put forward and formed a well-known theory of cultural leadership, and made a relatively systematic exposition of this theory in his book Reading Notes in Prison. Trying to find the path of proletarian revolution suitable for the specific historical situation of western developed countries. Gramsci's theory of cultural leadership points out that the realization of ruling class power depends not only on the external political compulsion, but also on the leadership functions in the cultural and ideological fields. The acquisition of cultural leadership provides the legitimacy and legitimacy of the state power at the cultural and moral levels in the field of ideology, and also opens up a new struggle strategy for the proletarian revolution in the western society. It has changed the single way of struggle of the violent revolution. The overall path of the revolution is to give full play to the functions of the organic intellectuals and political parties from the civil society as a realistic place of struggle, to achieve the acquisition of cultural leadership in the revolutionary way of field warfare, and thus to realize the establishment of the state power. Consolidation and development. The theory of cultural leadership is an important part of Gramsci's thought. This paper takes Prison Reading Notes as the main text, which is divided into three parts to carry out the study of this thought. The first part studies the era background, theoretical source and realistic foundation of the formation of Gramsci's cultural leadership theory, and thinks that Gramsci is integrated with the international. On the basis of critical inheritance of Marxist theory and Italian traditional theory, the theory of cultural leadership has been put forward and formed on the basis of the specific background of the times, the realistic historical situation and the experience of individual social practice activities in China. The second part explains the basic contents of the theory of cultural leadership from the angle of the relationship between civil society, organic intellectuals and ideology and cultural leadership. Civil society is not only the theoretical starting point of Gramsci's cultural leadership, but also the realistic field of obtaining cultural leadership. Based on a new understanding of the state and civil society, Gramsci pointed out that the first task for the victory of the western socialist revolution is to seize cultural leadership, and that organic intellectuals are the realistic main force in the process of realizing the cultural leadership. The acquisition of cultural leadership provides the proletarian regime with deep-seated legitimacy support in the ideological field. The third part comments on Gramsci's theory of cultural leadership and expounds its contemporary enlightenment. Gramsci's theory of cultural leadership is the inheritance and innovation of Marxist theory. It is a summary of the experiences and lessons of the socialist revolution in the East and the West based on the structural characteristics of the civil society, and it sets out a unique revolutionary strategy for the Western proletariat. That is, the western revolutionary theory centered on civil society and ideological leadership. At present, with globalization and the increasing trend of internationalization, we are facing many challenges at the same time as we welcome multiple opportunities. Competition and conflicts of interest between different nationalities, countries and regions are also intensifying day by day. The interplay of multiculturalism intensifies the complexity of the ideological field. Gramsci's theory of cultural leadership has brought many enlightenments to the political and cultural construction of the society.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G02
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2 仰海峰;;葛兰西的意识形态理论及其当代效应[J];马克思主义与现实;2006年02期
3 田时纲;简论葛兰西的领导权理论[J];哲学研究;2001年05期
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