论中国传统民间禁忌的“科学性”
发布时间：2019-07-03 20:57
【摘要】：中国传统民间禁忌是一种广泛存在的文化现象，是人类先民在特定历史时期与社会环境中，对社会、自然及人类自身形成的独特的认识，通过长期的时间积淀，成为人类先民处理自身与自然关系的基本准则和行为标准。传统民间禁忌种类繁多，形式多样，广泛存在于人类生产生活的各个领域。通过数千年的长期发展，中国传统民间禁忌已渗入人们的思维方式和行为习惯，具有普遍性、原始性、神秘性、地域性和历史实践性等特征。时至今日一些禁忌仍起着不可小觑的效用，具有一定的“科学性”。 然而，近现代以来，，由于人们对科学定义的狭隘理解以及对科学的崇拜，使科学主义思想迅速扩张，形成了科学主义的话语霸权。禁忌中内涵的合理因素，被扭曲排斥。随着近年来国内外学术界对禁忌的研究不断深入，出现了一些突破性的进展，但大多数研究者仍多以现代人的视域来考量禁忌，忽略了禁忌产生的时代背景和地域限制，以封建迷信为其冠名，斥之为陋习恶俗，使传统民间禁忌日益边缘化、透明化。值得庆幸的是，后现代主义思潮的出现与深入发展，引起了人们对现代科学观的反思。本文运用后现代主义科学观，从地方性知识视角来理解阐释中国传统民间禁忌，对其合理性、科学性内容进行情境性还原,并以生育禁忌为例来论证禁忌中蕴含的“科学性”,最后从禁忌与道德、禁忌与法律之间相辅相成的关系对禁忌的科学性进行反思。 中国传统民间禁忌作为早熟科学的载体，在客观上促进了中国古代科学知识的传承与发展,为早期人类的生产生活提供了经验性指导，为人类与自然和谐相处创造了外部条件，使人类萌生了敬畏自然的信念，也是对中国古代科学知识的一种增益补充。
[Abstract]:Chinese traditional folk taboo is a widespread cultural phenomenon. It is a unique understanding of society, nature and human beings formed by human ancestors in a specific historical period and social environment. Through long-term accumulation of time, it has become the basic norms and standards of conduct for human ancestors to deal with their own relationship with nature. There are many kinds and forms of traditional folk taboos, which widely exist in all fields of human production and life. Through thousands of years of long-term development, Chinese traditional folk taboos have penetrated into people's way of thinking and behavior habits, with universal, primitive, mysterious, regional and historical practicality and other characteristics. Up to now, some taboos still play an important role, with a certain degree of "scientific." However, since modern times, because of people's narrow understanding of the definition of science and the worship of science, the thought of scientism has expanded rapidly and formed the discourse hegemony of scientism. The reasonable factors in the connotation of taboos are distorted and excluded. With the deepening of the research on taboos in academic circles at home and abroad in recent years, there have been some breakthrough progress, but most researchers still consider taboos from the perspective of modern people, ignore the background and regional restrictions of taboos, and regard feudal superstitions as their names, which regard them as bad habits and vulgarity, and make traditional folk taboos increasingly marginalized and transparent. Fortunately, the emergence and in-depth development of postmodernism has caused people to reflect on the view of modern science. This paper uses the post-modernist view of science to understand and explain the traditional Chinese folk taboo from the perspective of local knowledge, to restore its rationality and scientific content, and to take the fertility taboo as an example to demonstrate the "scientific nature" contained in the taboo. Finally, the scientific nature of the taboo is reflected from the complementary relationship between taboo and morality, taboo and law. As the carrier of precocious science, Chinese traditional folk taboos objectively promoted the inheritance and development of ancient Chinese scientific knowledge, provided empirical guidance for the production and life of early human beings, created external conditions for human beings to live in harmony with nature, and made human beings have the belief of revering nature, which is also a gain supplement to ancient Chinese scientific knowledge.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K892.24
本文编号：2509663
[Abstract]:Chinese traditional folk taboo is a widespread cultural phenomenon. It is a unique understanding of society, nature and human beings formed by human ancestors in a specific historical period and social environment. Through long-term accumulation of time, it has become the basic norms and standards of conduct for human ancestors to deal with their own relationship with nature. There are many kinds and forms of traditional folk taboos, which widely exist in all fields of human production and life. Through thousands of years of long-term development, Chinese traditional folk taboos have penetrated into people's way of thinking and behavior habits, with universal, primitive, mysterious, regional and historical practicality and other characteristics. Up to now, some taboos still play an important role, with a certain degree of "scientific." However, since modern times, because of people's narrow understanding of the definition of science and the worship of science, the thought of scientism has expanded rapidly and formed the discourse hegemony of scientism. The reasonable factors in the connotation of taboos are distorted and excluded. With the deepening of the research on taboos in academic circles at home and abroad in recent years, there have been some breakthrough progress, but most researchers still consider taboos from the perspective of modern people, ignore the background and regional restrictions of taboos, and regard feudal superstitions as their names, which regard them as bad habits and vulgarity, and make traditional folk taboos increasingly marginalized and transparent. Fortunately, the emergence and in-depth development of postmodernism has caused people to reflect on the view of modern science. This paper uses the post-modernist view of science to understand and explain the traditional Chinese folk taboo from the perspective of local knowledge, to restore its rationality and scientific content, and to take the fertility taboo as an example to demonstrate the "scientific nature" contained in the taboo. Finally, the scientific nature of the taboo is reflected from the complementary relationship between taboo and morality, taboo and law. As the carrier of precocious science, Chinese traditional folk taboos objectively promoted the inheritance and development of ancient Chinese scientific knowledge, provided empirical guidance for the production and life of early human beings, created external conditions for human beings to live in harmony with nature, and made human beings have the belief of revering nature, which is also a gain supplement to ancient Chinese scientific knowledge.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K892.24
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