维汉两族面孔识别异族效应的研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 07:54

本文选题：面孔识别　切入点：异族效应　出处：《西南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：面孔识别一直都是心理学的一个重要研究领域,而对他族面孔进行识别则又与人们的生活息息相关,因此异族效应的研究越来越受到研究者们的关注。已有的研究多关注的仍然是欧美国家的面孔与亚洲国家的面孔和非洲国家的面孔进行比较,而我国是一个民族众多的国家,各民族问也经常会有异族效应的情况发生但到目前为止针对我国民族之间的异族效应的研究只有两项,异族效应在中国背景下的研究还尚未涉及其他更多少数民族的研究,唯一涉及到的仅仅是面孔民族特征比较明显的维吾尔族的。维吾尔族是中国官方统计的55个少数民族之一,大部分都在新疆维吾尔族自治区居住,在国外的一些城市也有一定量的维吾尔族侨民。维吾尔族人的面孔特征上普遍具有阿拉伯人或者说白种人的特征圈,具体表现为维族人的脸型一般比较长而圆,眉脊较发达,眼睛则大且圆,眼窝呈内陷状,鼻梁多为平直或略凸,鼻深比较明显,鼻基多为下垂状,胡须和毛发一般较浓密,同汉族的面孔特征有着明显的区别。有研究指出维吾尔族人的眼睛、鼻子以及五官间距和汉族人有显著差异。目前维吾尔族人大部分还是在新疆等地的维族聚居区居住,而研究者本身并非是维吾尔族人也并没有在新疆等地生活过,因此对实验被试的获得造成很大的难度。在对本校的维吾尔族学生进行调查之后发现,他们不喜欢别人碰触自己的头部,针对这个情况,则没有让他们参加本研究中的ERP实验。本研究中的两个实验分别为行为实验和ERP实验,对维吾尔族面孔和汉族面孔进行面孔识别的异族效应研究。实验一通过学习-再认的方式对维吾尔族被试、在新疆生活过的汉族被试、一般汉族被试进行异族效应的研究。结果表明,三组被试在对两族面孔进行识别的过程中均呈现出了异族效应,且在新疆生活过的汉族被试较一般汉族被试而言对维族面孔又更好的识别能力。实验二,在实验一的基础上采用了ERP技术,测量了一般汉族被试在对两个民族图片进行学习的过程中产生的脑电差异。研究结果表明,一般汉族被试在对维汉两族面孔图片进行学习的过程中产生的脑电差异主要表现在N250波幅上,他族面孔会诱发波幅更大的N250成分。
[Abstract]:Face recognition has always been an important research field in psychology, and recognition of other faces is closely related to people's lives. As a result, the study of the effects of different races has attracted more and more attention from researchers. What has been paid more attention to is that the faces of European and American countries are still compared with those of Asian countries and those of African countries, and that China is a country with a large number of nationalities. Various ethnic groups also often have different effects. But so far, there have been only two studies on the interracial effects in China. The study of alien effects in the context of China has not yet involved more studies of other ethnic minorities. The only thing involved is the Uygur, whose face ethnic characteristics are more obvious. The Uygur are one of the 55 ethnic minorities officially counted in China, most of which live in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region. There are also a certain number of Uighur expatriates in some foreign cities. The faces of the Uighurs generally have the characteristic circles of Arabs or white people. The specific manifestation is that the faces of Uighurs are generally long and round, and the eyebrows are relatively developed. The eyes were large and round, the socket of the eye was in the shape of depression, the bridge of the nose was straight or slightly convex, the depth of the nose was more obvious, the base of the nose was more pendulous, and the beard and hair were generally thicker. There are obvious differences between the facial features of the Uygur and the Han nationality. Some studies show that there are significant differences between the Uygur people and the Han nationality in the distance between the eyes, nose and facial features of the Uygur people. At present, most of the Uygur people are still living in Uighur communities in Xinjiang and other places, and the researchers themselves are not Uighurs who have not lived in Xinjiang and other places. After investigating Uighur students in our school, it was found that they did not like to be touched on the head. In view of this situation, they were not allowed to participate in the ERP experiment in this study. The two experiments in this study are behavioral experiment and ERP experiment, respectively, to study the alien effect of face recognition on the faces of Uygur and Han nationality. The results showed that the three groups of Han people showed heterogamous effects in the process of recognizing the faces of the two ethnic groups. Moreover, the Han people who have lived in Xinjiang have a better ability to recognize the faces of the Uighur nationality than the ordinary Han nationality subjects. Experiment two, on the basis of experiment one, adopts ERP technology. The differences of EEG in the course of learning the pictures of the two nationalities were measured. The difference of EEG in the study of Uygur and Han faces was mainly in the amplitude of N250, and the other faces would induce the larger amplitude of N250.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

【参考文献】