抑郁倾向大学生的面部表情类别知觉研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 21:19

本文选题：抑郁　切入点：负性偏向　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：抑郁症是一种比较常见的精神疾病,具有较高的患病率。抑郁症患者对社交过程中他人面部表情的微弱变化不能正确识别并作出反应,这一缺陷可能与抑郁症患者明显的社交障碍有关。抑郁症患者存在面部表情识别障碍(Kohler,Hoffman,Eastman,Healey,Moberg,2011),社交缺陷是抑郁症形成和持续的重要原因(JoormannGotlib,2006),而情绪性面部表情加工受损可能会导致社交缺陷。研究抑郁人群(即单相和双相抑郁症)情绪过程的行为文献指出,与健康控制相比,抑郁被试表现出中断的情绪加工,由较弱的表现和/或延迟的反应潜伏期为指标。然而当前的研究大多数集中在重度抑郁患者,对具有抑郁倾向患者对情绪刺激的反应偏向和敏感性不能进行一个很好的预测作用,不能确定在抑郁倾向患者进行面孔加工时出现缺陷的信息加工位置,当前的研究采用的实验材料和研究范式并没有得出一个统一的结果。因此,本实验采用渐变的面孔刺激和类别知觉实验范式,考察和正常人群相比,抑郁倾向大学生的面部表情反应偏向和敏感性的差异。本研究包括三个实验:实验一抑郁倾向大学生对渐变的面部表情的反应偏向和对变化的知觉敏感性。实验二在实验一的基础上探讨对在渐变的面部表情产生偏差的抑郁倾向大学生对渐变的纯粹面部表情的反应偏向知觉敏感性。实验三抑郁人群面部表情类别知觉的ERP研究,分析抑郁组和控制组在40%、70%和100%的情绪性表情上的N2和P3波的波幅和潜伏期差异。结果如下:1.抑郁组和控制组在辨别愤怒-悲伤和高兴-悲伤的表情连续体时都表现出对靠近悲伤表情原型的高的正确率,但两组之间的差异并没有显著。利用从中性表情渐变到完全情绪性表情的连续体将愤怒-悲伤表情连续体分离开来,发现和控制组相比,抑郁组在辨别类内的愤怒表情对时表现出更高的正确率,说明两组在愤怒表情辨别上存在显著差异,和控制组相比,抑郁组对愤怒表情更敏感。2.在识别任务中,和控制组相比,抑郁组表现出对负性面孔刺激的反应偏向,避免对高兴表情的识别,并且在愤怒-悲伤表情连续体上表现出对愤怒表情的反应偏向,但是在敏感性上两组没有表现出差异。在中性-表情连续体中抑郁组也表现出同样的反应偏向:和控制组相比,在中性-愤怒连续体中,抑郁组更多把模糊表情识别为愤怒,而在中性-高兴表情连续体中则更多把模糊表情识别为中性,避免识别为高兴。3.在识别反应时上,无论是表情-表情连续体还是中性-表情连续体,对靠近连续体类别界限处的反应时都会显著增大,证明了类别界限的存在,但组间差异不显著。4.脑电实验证明,N2和P3的波幅受到渐变表情的强度影响,对微弱的(40%)情绪性表情反应不敏感,而两组被试都被完全的(100%)情绪表情诱发出更大的ERP成分的波幅。在不同强度的悲伤和愤怒表情上,抑郁组都表现出比控制组更大的N2和P3波幅,而对高兴表情则没有明显地表现出这种差异,说明抑郁组对负性表情更加敏感。N2和P3成分的潜伏期则没有显著差异,说明两组被试在加工情绪表情时发生的认知阶段是一致的。
[Abstract]:Depression is a common mental disease, with high incidence of depression. A slight change not in the process of social people's facial expressions recognition and response, this defect may be related to the social disorder of depression. Depression has obvious facial expression recognition disorder (Kohler, Hoffman, Eastman, Healey. Moberg, 2011), social defect is an important reason for the formation of depression (JoormannGotlib, 2006), and the processing of emotional facial expression may lead to impaired social defects. Study on depression group (i.e. unipolar and bipolar depression) emotional process behavior literature pointed out that compared with healthy control subjects showed emotional depression interrupt processing, by the weak performance and / or delayed response latency as the index. However, most studies focused on patients with severe depression, depression tendency With a good prediction effect on bias in response to emotional stimuli and sensitivity can not, cannot determine the defect information processing position of face processing in depression patients, the present study used the experimental materials and the research paradigm does not draw a unified results. Therefore, this experiment using gradient of the face stimulation and categorical perception paradigm, study and compared the normal population, the difference of facial expression response of College Students Depression Tendency bias and sensitivity. This study includes three experiments: depression tendency of college students gradually become biased on the response to the change of facial expression perception sensitivity. In experiment two, the experiment on the basis of pure facial depression tendency of College students the deviation in the gradient of the facial expression of the gradient response bias sensitivity of perception. Experiment three depressed people face ERP study on facial expression of categorical perception, analysis of depression group and control group in 40%, 70% and 100% of the emotional expressions of N2 and P3 wave amplitude and latency differences. The results are as follows: 1. the depression group and the control group in identifying anger - sad and happy - sad expression have shown a continuum of high the correct rate of close to the sadness prototype, but the difference between the two groups was not significant. The neutral expression morphing into continuum completely emotional expressions will anger sadness continuum separated, find and control group, depression group in identifying in anger expression time showed a higher correct rate. Two there were significant differences in expression of anger discrimination, compared with the control group, depression group of angry.2. is more sensitive in a recognition task, compared with the control group, depression group showed bias to negative stimuli response, avoid The recognition of happy expression, and in anger sadness continuum showed bias to angry reaction, but in the sensitivity of the two groups did not show differences in expression. Neutral continuum in depression group also showed the same response bias: compared with the control group, in the neutral - anger continuum, depression group more fuzzy expression recognition for anger, while in neutral - happy expression is more fuzzy continuum expression recognition is neutral, avoid recognition as happy.3. in recognition of the reaction time, whether it is the expression - expression - expression or neutral continuum continuum, close to the boundaries of the continuum category will significantly increase the reaction time, proved category boundaries exist, but no significant difference between the groups of.4. EEG experiments show that N2 and P3 amplitude is affected by intensity gradient expression, the weak (40%) is not sensitive to emotional expressions and reactions, two Subjects were completely (100%) emotion evoked a ERP component of the larger amplitude. The different intensity of sad and angry expressions, the depression group exhibited greater than the control group N2 and the amplitude of P3, and of happy expression is not evident in this difference, that is not significant differences in depression group of negative expression was more sensitive to.N2 and P3 latency, two subjects cognitive stage occurred in the processing of emotional expression is consistent.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.2

【参考文献】