辽代民族政策研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 12:25

本文关键词： 辽朝民族民族政策　出处：《东北师范大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：辽朝作为一个由契丹族建立的多民族政权，在中国历史的发展进程中有着重要的作用，这种作用在其民族政策的独特性、创新性及对后世王朝的影响方面得到了突出体现。辽朝总结历代王朝民族政策的经验教训，根据各民族社会发展水平的差异，推行“因俗而治”政策，同时依据由民族关系所决定的政治联系，对治下众多的民族分别采用直接控制、半羁縻半直接控制和纯粹的羁縻、封贡这三种不同的统治方式，形成了核心、外围及外延三大政策区域，其成功之处对后来的汉族和少数民族王朝都产生了深远影响。本文共包括导言及五章内容：导言。介绍本课题的选题原因、研究范围、国内外学术界的基本研究现状，以及本文采用的研究方法和创新之处。第一章，，对核心区域各民族的政策（一）——部族制下的直接控制。论述和分析辽朝对核心区域契丹族、奚族及其他部族的统治政策。针对这些民族、部族社会发展水平相对落后于汉、渤海等民族，而文化传统也与后者迥然有异的现状，辽朝统治者采用了部族制的管理方式，并在政治、经济、军事上进行直接控制。第二章，对核心区域各民族的政策（二）——州县制下的直接控制。论述和分析辽朝对核心区域汉族和渤海族的统治政策。由于这两个民族是定居的农业生产者，社会发展水平较高，在文化传统上又有别于统治民族契丹族，因此辽朝沿袭了中原州县制的管理方式，也同样进行了直接控制。第三章，对外围区域各民族的政策——直接控制与羁縻并用。论述和分析辽朝对外围区域包括五国部、系辽籍女真、室韦、乌古、敌烈、党项等民族的统治政策。在这个区域中，辽朝进行的是介于直接控制和纯粹羁縻之间的控制方式，双方既存在一定联系，又不如辽朝与核心区域民族的联系那样紧密。第四章，对外延区域各民族的政策——羁縻和封贡。论述和分析辽朝对外延区域生女真、阻卜和回鹘等民族的统治政策。这些民族距辽中心地区过远，因此辽朝效仿中原王朝，仅以羁縻、封贡等方式维持宗主地位并保护边疆安宁。第五章，辽代民族政策的评价。这一章总结了辽朝民族政策在整体上的“因俗而治”、“因区域而治”、努力加强统治民族力量、增强边疆与内地联系、善于采用设置属国和强制移民的方式进行统治等明显特征，及其在治理多民族国家过程中的得失；同时将辽朝与中国历代中原王朝和少数民族政权的民族政策进行全面比较，一方面研究辽朝在民族政策方面对之前各王朝和政权经验教训的总结和整理，另一方面则通过分析辽朝民族政策对后世金、元、明、清等王朝产生的巨大影响，揭示其在中国多民族国家形成过程中所起到的至关重要的“承上启下”作用。
[Abstract]:Liao Dynasty, as a multi-ethnic regime established by Qidan nationality, played an important role in the development of Chinese history, which played a unique role in its national policy. The Liao Dynasty summarized the experiences and lessons of the past dynasties' national policies, and carried out the policy of "governing according to the vulgarity" according to the differences of the social development level of the different nationalities. At the same time, according to the political relations determined by ethnic relations, many nationalities under the rule of direct control, semi-Jimi semi-direct control and pure Jimi, sealed tribute these three different forms of governance, forming the core. The success of the three policy regions in the periphery and extension has had a profound impact on the later Han and minority dynasties. This paper includes an introduction and five chapters: Introduction. This paper introduces the reason of the topic, the scope of the research, the current situation of academic research at home and abroad, as well as the research methods and innovations adopted in this paper. The first chapter is about the policy of each nationality in the core area (the direct control under the clan system). It discusses and analyzes the ruling policy of Qidan nationality, Xi nationality and other tribes in the core area of Liao Dynasty. The development level of tribal society lags behind the Han, Bohai and other ethnic groups, and the cultural tradition is also different from the latter. The rulers of the Liao Dynasty adopted the tribal system of management, and in politics and economy. Direct military control. Chapter two. The policy of each ethnic group in the core area (the direct control under the system of Erzhou-prefecture and county). This paper discusses and analyzes the ruling policy of the Liao Dynasty on the Han nationality and the Bohai nationality in the core region, because these two nationalities are settled agricultural producers. The level of social development is relatively high and the cultural tradition is different from that of the ruling ethnic group Qidan. Therefore the Liao Dynasty followed the management mode of the Central Plains prefecture and county system and also carried out direct control. In the third chapter, the policy of direct control and Jimi is used in the peripheral areas. The paper discusses and analyzes the Liao Dynasty on the peripheral areas, including the five countries, the Liao nationality of Nu Zhen, Virwei, Wu Gu, enemy. In this area, the Liao Dynasty carried on the control mode between direct control and pure Jimi, both sides have some connection. It is not as close as the Liao Dynasty and the ethnic groups in the core region. Chapter 4th, on the extension of the policies of the various nationalities-Jimi and tribute. Discusses and analyzes the Liao Dynasty on the extension of Nu Zhen, block and Uighur, and other ethnic domination policies, these nationalities are far from the central area of Liao. Therefore the Liao Dynasty emulated the Central Plains Dynasty and maintained the patriarchal status and protected the peace of the frontier by Jimi and tribute. Chapter 5th, the evaluation of the Liao Dynasty national policy. This chapter summarizes the overall Liao Dynasty ethnic policy "to govern because of vulgar", "because of the region to govern", strive to strengthen the national power to strengthen the border and the mainland ties. Good at the establishment of dependency and forced immigration to rule and other obvious characteristics, and in the process of governance of multi-ethnic countries, the gains and losses; At the same time, it makes a comprehensive comparison between the Liao Dynasty and the Chinese Central Plains Dynasty and the ethnic minority regimes. On the one hand, it studies the summing up and arrangement of the experiences and lessons of the previous dynasties and regimes in the aspects of the Liao Dynasty's ethnic policy. On the other hand, by analyzing the great influence of Liao nationality policy on the later dynasties, such as Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, this paper reveals the vital "connecting between the past and the following" in the forming process of China's multi-ethnic state. Function.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D633;K246.1

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