论金世宗的女真为本政策及其评价

发布时间：2018-03-03 23:01

  本文选题：金世宗　切入点：女真为本　出处：《东北师范大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 金朝前期,女真社会普遍出现了汉化趋势。金世宗为克服女真汉化中出现的矛盾,维护女真贵族的统治,保持金朝国家长治久安,实行了以女真为本的各项统治政策。包括:一是对移居中原的女真猛安谋克进行各项改革,解决部分女真人生活贫困以及贫富不均的问题;二是推广女真文字的学习,积极培养女真人才,并翻译大量汉文经史书籍为女真文,供女真子弟学习;三是设立女真进士科,选拔女真平民中的人才进入官僚体系;四是重建海陵帝时期毁弃的祖宗龙兴之地上京会宁府,并巡行当地,慰问女真父老,强化各地女真共同一体的观念;五是以女真为本的民族政策。。 推行女真为本政策的结果表明,金世宗没有达到自己的预期目的。表现为维护民族传统的努力完全失败,猛安谋克完全丧失了战斗力,金朝中后期军政腐败严重、民族矛盾突出。 本文从金世宗女真为本政策的初衷和结果、主观愿望和客观形势的变化等矛盾、12世纪民族关系的时代特点以及女真为本政策同金朝灭亡的关系等问题出发,对其政策进行了评价。 金世宗很难懂得女真人的旧传统是建立在落后的生产方式和低下的社会发展层次基础之上的,不可能在当时的社会状况下照原样复制。在汉化和女真文化问题上的矛盾心理,使金世宗既不能改变女真人接受汉文化的大趋势,又希望通过保持女真旧俗来使女真人及其政权立于不败之地。 在12世纪各民族既冲突又融合的民族交往的大环境下,金世宗的民族观点和政策很难超越那个时代人们对民族问题的认识水平。女真为本的政策表明,金世宗没有在入主中原的汉化进程中找到一条既顺应汉化历史潮流又保持女真人优良民族传统的有效道路。
[Abstract]:In the early Jin Dynasty, there was a general trend of Sinicization in the Nuzhen society. In order to overcome the contradictions in the Sinicization of the Nuzhen, to maintain the rule of the Nuzhen aristocrat, and to maintain the stability of the Jin Dynasty, Various ruling policies based on Nu Zhen have been implemented, including: first, to carry out various reforms on the Nu Zhen Meng Meng-meng-mmmmack who emigrated to the Central Plains, to solve the problems of poverty and inequality in some women's real lives; and second, to promote the study of Nuzhen characters. Actively train female talents, and translate a large number of Chinese classics and history books for the study of female true children; third, the establishment of the female True Scholars, the selection of women among the civilian population to enter the bureaucracy; The fourth is to rebuild the ancestral Longxing that was destroyed and abandoned in the period of Hailing Emperor to go to Beijing Huining House, and to tour the place to pay respects to Nu Zhen's father and old, and to strengthen the concept of the common integration of all parts of Nu Zhen; fifthly, the national policy based on Nu Zhen. The result of carrying out this policy of Nu Zhen shows that Jin Shizong did not achieve his expected purpose. It is manifested in the complete failure of efforts to safeguard the national tradition, the complete loss of fighting capacity of Mengan Mok, and the serious corruption in the military and government in the middle and late Jin Dynasty. Ethnic contradictions stand out. This paper sets out from the original intention and result of this policy, the contradiction between subjective desire and the change of objective situation, and the characteristics of national relations in the 12th century, and the relationship between this policy and the demise of Jin Dynasty, etc. Its policy was evaluated. It is difficult for Jin Shizong to understand that the old tradition of female reality is based on backward production methods and low levels of social development, and cannot be copied as it was under the social conditions at that time. Jin Shizong could not only change the general trend of female acceptance of Han culture, but also hope to keep the old vulgar of Nu Zhen and her regime in an invincible position. In 12th century, under the environment of conflict and integration of ethnic groups, Jin Shizong's national views and policies hardly exceeded the level of people's understanding of ethnic issues in that era. Jin Shizong failed to find an effective way to conform to the historical trend of Sinicization and to maintain the fine national tradition of female real people in the process of entering the Central Plains.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K246.4
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本文编号：1563048