融合中的嬗变—汉代政治文化传承研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 12:10

本文选题：汉代　切入点：政治文化　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉代是中国传统文化形成的重要时期,两汉经学构成了中国古代政治思想和学术思想的主要内容和特征。中国古代文化从先秦的“诸子时期”过渡到汉代的“经学时期”,各种思想的交汇与重构经历了一个复杂的过程,这个过程表现在社会的方方面面,尤以政治领域和学术领域为突出,体现出了政治与文化的相互交融。本文力图运用“政治文化”这一政治学上的概念,以广义的政治文化观从多角度来梳理和剖析战国末期至东汉末期四百余年间政治文化的演变发展过程,揭示出思想的融合与嬗变是这一时期政治文化发展的特征。广义的政治文化观根源于广义的文化概念,它认为政治文化的研究范围不仅应包括政治心理、情感、价值取向等主观的心理因素,还应包括政治思想、政治制度在内的综合体系。由于是研究历史上特定时期的政治文化,必须考虑到文化的诸多外延因素,才能勾勒出一个特定历史时期的政治文化面貌,因此笔者以广义的政治文化观为指导,从汉代的官吏文化类型的角度,通过对“循吏”在汉代的产生和发展的政治与文化背景的分析来透视汉代社会普遍意义上的政治文化特征的嬗变以及政治思想的变迁。以“杂家政治文化”概念的提出为新视角,揭示出战国末期至西汉中期政治文化由诸子文化过渡到经学文化这一演变时期政治文化的传承过程与特征,这一时期是诸子思想相互取长补短、兼收并蓄由多元向一元发展的时期,并将此时期定义为“杂家时代”。以空间地域为条件,分述这一时期华夏几个主要区域的政治与文化的发展状况及诸子思想和经学思想在各地的传承演变情况,并论述各地域文化相互吸收借鉴,随着政治的统一和稳定逐步整合而走向一体,形成兼具各地特色的中华文化。分析所谓的“民间文化”,通过对汉代社会风俗典型事例(避讳之俗和社会风谣)的考察,揭示社会风俗文化与政治文化的密切关系以及汉代政治对社会风俗直接和间接的影响。反观对汉代占据统治地位的神学经学的批判之学--汉代“异端”思潮,阐述汉代政治文化的一个非主流的发展方向。分析“异端”思想的形成原因,梳理这一思潮发展的过程。 WP=5 文章最后对汉代政治文化的发展作了总体的概括与评价,指出了汉代所形成的以官方化的经学为主要内容和特征的政治文化成为中国传统政治文化的核心,它是使得兼容诸子学说的儒家思想成为古代中国主流政治思想的文化依据。
[Abstract]:Han Dynasty was an important period for the formation of Chinese traditional culture. The Confucian classics of the Han Dynasty constituted the main contents and characteristics of the ancient Chinese political thought and academic thought.The transition of ancient Chinese culture from the period of the pre-Qin period to the period of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty experienced a complicated process of the intersection and reconstruction of various ideas, which was manifested in all aspects of society.Especially in the political field and academic field, reflected the political and cultural intermingling.This paper tries to use the concept of "political culture" as a political science concept to sort out and analyze the evolution and development of political culture from more than 400 years from the late warring States period to the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty with a broad view of political culture.It is revealed that the fusion and evolution of thought are the characteristics of the development of political culture in this period.The broad view of political culture originates from the broad concept of culture. It holds that the research scope of political culture should include not only subjective psychological factors, such as political psychology, emotion, value orientation, but also political thought.A comprehensive system, including a political system.Since it is necessary to consider many extension factors of culture in order to outline the political and cultural features of a particular historical period, the author is guided by a broad view of political culture.From the angle of official culture type in Han Dynasty, this paper analyzes the political and cultural background of the emergence and development of "follow officials" in the Han Dynasty to see through the evolution of the political and cultural characteristics and the changes of political thought in the general sense of the society of the Han Dynasty.Taking the concept of "miscellaneous political culture" as a new angle of view, this paper reveals the inheritance process and characteristics of political culture in the period from the late warring States period to the middle period of the Western Han Dynasty, from the Confucian culture to the Confucian culture.This period is a period in which the ideologies of various schools of thought complement each other and develop from pluralism to monism, and defines this period as "the age of miscellaneous families".Taking the spatial region as the condition, this paper describes the development of politics and culture in several major regions of China during this period, and the inheritance and evolution of the ideologies of various schools of thought and Confucian classics in various places, and discusses the mutual absorption and reference of various regional cultures.With the integration of politics and stability, Chinese culture with local characteristics was formed.Through the analysis of the so-called "folk culture", through the investigation of the typical examples of social customs in the Han Dynasty (taboo vulgar and social wind ballads),It reveals the close relationship between social custom culture and political culture and the direct and indirect influence of Han Dynasty politics on social custom.On the contrary, the criticism of theological classics, which occupies a dominant position in the Han Dynasty, is the thought of "heresy" in the Han Dynasty, and a non-mainstream development direction of the political culture of the Han Dynasty is expounded.Analysis of the formation of the "heresy" thought, combing the development of this trend of thought process.WP=5Finally, the article summarizes and evaluates the development of political culture in the Han Dynasty, and points out that the political culture formed in the Han Dynasty with the official Confucian classics as the main content and characteristic has become the core of the Chinese traditional political culture.It is the cultural basis for making Confucianism, which is compatible with Confucianism, the mainstream political thought in ancient China.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K234

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