商鞅富国强兵治国方略之和谐思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 01:26

本文选题：商鞅　切入点：富国强兵　出处：《重庆师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 商鞅是战国时期的著名法家代表人物,是新兴地主阶级的一位杰出的思想家、政治家与改革家。他适应战国时期的形势,在相秦期间实行变法,将富国强兵治国方略运用于秦国的改革实践,大力地促进了秦国政治经济的全面发展,实现了社会秩序的和谐稳定,使秦国迅速地从二三流的国家一下成为七国中间最强的国家,为秦国完成统一大业的使命奠定了坚实的基础。本文通过对商鞅富国强兵治国方略的和谐内涵的分析,从客观的角度提出了其对我国社会主义和谐社会建设的借鉴意义。文章第一部分说明了研究的缘起,概括了当前学术界对商鞅文献及其思想的研究现状,提出了本文的研究价值及拟采取的研究方法。第二部分介绍了商鞅的生平及《商君书》。第三部分对商鞅富国强兵治国方略形成的时代背景、哲学基础及人性论依据进行了分析。时代背景方面,分析了战国时期各国变法改革的状况、商鞅变法前秦国社会的基本情况、秦国最高统治者的支持和商鞅法治思想具有的强大生命力。哲学基础方面,主要从历史进化论和变法论两方面分析了发展的历史观是商鞅变法的根据。人性论依据方面,主要分析了自私的人性论作为刑赏的根据对商鞅治国方略形成的影响。第四部分对商鞅富国强兵治国方略的和谐内涵进行了论述。主要涉及三大方面内容:第一是关于“更法”思想,论述了其作为改革指导思想的基础性作用。第二是关于“民本”思想因素,主要论述了民在富国强兵过程中的根基性作用,推行对农民进行农业生产有利的授田制,提出和实行了有利于民的“农战”政策。第三是关于“明法”、“壹刑”,主要论述明法的三个要求、明法的途径、壹刑在执法公正中的具体实践。第五部分对商鞅富国强兵治国方略的积极意义以及存在的问题进行了评析。首先重点论证了“更法”、“民本”思想因素、“明法”和“壹刑”的积极意义以及对当今社会主义和谐社会建设的借鉴意义。其次指出了其治国方略中存在的一些问题,诸如“民本”思想因素中带有功利主义取向、激进的重刑等。文章结语部分从正反两方面对商鞅富国强兵治国方略给予概括评价并对商鞅治国方略的和谐内涵给予充分肯定。
[Abstract]:Shang Yang was a famous representative of Legalists in the warring States period, an outstanding thinker, statesman and reformer of the new landlord class.He adapted to the situation during the warring States period, carried out the reform during the period of phase and Qin, applied the strategy of ruling the country by the rich and powerful troops to the reform practice of the Qin state, promoted the political and economic development of the Qin state in an all-round way, and realized the harmony and stability of the social order.Qin quickly became the strongest of the seven countries from the second and third class, which laid a solid foundation for the Qin state to complete the great cause of reunification.Based on the analysis of the harmonious connotation of Shang Yang's strategy of ruling the country with a strong and prosperous country, this paper puts forward the significance of its reference to the construction of a harmonious socialist society in China from an objective point of view.The first part of the article explains the origin of the study, summarizes the current research status of Shang Yang's literature and its ideas in academic circles, and puts forward the research value and research methods to be adopted in this paper.The second part introduces Shang Yang's life and the Book of Shang Jun.The third part analyzes the background, philosophical basis and human nature theory of Shang Yang's strategy of ruling the country.In terms of the background of the times, this paper analyzes the status of the reform of various countries in the warring States period, the basic situation of the society before Shang Yang's reform, the support of the supreme ruler of the state of Qin and the strong vitality of Shang Yang's thought of ruling by law.On the basis of philosophy, the author analyzes that the historical view of development is the basis of Shang Yang's reform from the two aspects of historical evolution theory and reform theory.On the basis of the theory of human nature, this paper mainly analyzes the influence of selfish theory of human nature as the basis of criminal reward on Shang Yang's strategy of governing the country.The fourth part discusses the harmonious connotation of Shang Yang's strategy of ruling the country.It mainly involves three aspects: the first is about the thought of "more law", and discusses its basic role as the guiding ideology of reform.The second is about the ideological factors of "people-oriented", mainly discusses the fundamental role of the people in the process of enriching the country and strengthening the armed forces, carries out a system of land grant favorable to the peasants' agricultural production, and puts forward and implements a policy of "agricultural warfare" which is beneficial to the people.The third is about "Ming Law", "one penalty", mainly discusses the three requirements of Ming Law, the way of Ming Law, and the concrete practice of one sentence in law enforcement justice.The fifth part analyzes the positive significance and existing problems of Shang Yang's strategy of ruling the country.First of all, it demonstrates the positive significance of "the law of Ming" and "the punishment of one sentence" and the significance of reference to the construction of the harmonious society of socialism at present, especially on the ideological factors of "more law", "people first" and "Ming law" and "one sentence".Secondly, it points out some problems existing in his strategy of governing the country, such as the utilitarian orientation in the ideological factors of "people first", the radical heavy punishment and so on.The conclusion of the article gives a general evaluation of Shang Yang's strategy of governing the country from both positive and negative aspects, and fully affirms the harmonious connotation of Shang Yang's strategy of governing the country.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K231

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