战国楚文字用字调查

发布时间：2018-04-23 14:53

本文选题：战国 + 文字　；参考：《华东师范大学》2003年博士论文

【摘要】： 汉字的用量和应用状态是汉字发展史的一个重要方面。用字调查是研究汉字的用量及整体应用状态的唯一途径也是探寻汉字发展的演进规律及其趋势的重要手段。汉字的发展是持续的、渐进的，历史上的汉字经过一代代的发展演进至现代的汉字，因此，我们对汉字整体应用状态的把握基於对历代汉字用量及应用状态的认识而对历代汉字用量及应用状态的廓清需要从一个个断代的汉字用字调查开始。历代汉字用字情况也是文字学界前辈一直关注的问题。鉴于目前已出土的战国楚文字材料已能够客观地反映出该时期楚文字用量与应用状态的基本情况，我们决定进行战国楚文字的用字调查这一课题。依据断代的汉字用字调查对调查对象的要求以及抽样的原则，本课题选取了其中的十三类作为调查对象，，并立足於字，在选定材料的基础上，利用所建战国楚文字语料库，整理统计出本文所调查的楚文字材料的单字总字数为41601字，总字量为3553字，统计出该历史时期单位汉字的使用频率，并将其分为十六个字频段，分别统计每个字频段中的字量字数及其占总字量字数的比率，确定其常用字为607字，次常用字853字，生僻字2093字，区分了异体字和古今字，并制作出相关字表。通过调查我们认识掌握了该历史时期楚文字的用量和整体应用状态的基本情况，并且通过对调查结果的分析总结，发现其某些特点规律与汉字在整个发展史中的使用规律基本一致。本文主要分为五个部分：第一章通过对现代汉字与历史汉字应用状况的研究现状的分析，阐述了断代汉字用字调查的目的与意义：通过对目前已出土的战国楚文字材料特点的分析，阐明了进行战国楚文字用字调查的目的与意义。第二章依据断代汉字用字调查对象的选取原则，确定本课题的调查对象；明确本调查的立足点为字，而非词；并讨论阐明调查涉及的有关理论、原则与概念。第三章设计完成实现用字调查的战国楚文字语料库的建设，并介绍语料库的运用及其价值。第四章从字数、字量、字频，异体字、古今字，常用字、次常用字、生僻字等角度，呈现本文的调查结果，并针对调查的结果进行了有关比较与分析。结语从一般常用字、合文等角度，进一步总结战国楚文字的整体应用状况。
[Abstract]:The amount and application state of Chinese characters is an important aspect of the development history of Chinese characters. The only way to study the amount of Chinese characters and the overall application state of Chinese characters is also an important means to explore the evolution law and trend of the development of Chinese characters. The development of Chinese characters is continuous and gradual, and the Chinese characters in the history of history have evolved through the development of the generation from generation to generation. Modern Chinese characters, therefore, our understanding of the state of the overall application of Chinese characters and the understanding of the state of the use of Chinese characters in the past dynasties and the clearance of the state of the Chinese characters in the past dynasties need to begin with the investigation of the characters of Chinese characters. The use of Chinese characters in the past dynasties is also a problem that the predecessors of the Chinese characters have always paid attention to.
In view of the fact that the Chu writing materials in the Warring States of the Warring States have been able to objectively reflect the basic situation of the consumption and application state of the Chu characters in this period, we have decided to carry out the investigation of the characters of the Chu characters in the Warring States period. According to the requirements of the investigation of Chinese characters used in the generation of Chinese characters and the principle of sampling, ten of them have been selected. On the basis of the selected materials, the three category, based on the selected materials, makes use of the corpus of Chu characters in the Warring States, and collate and count the total number of words in the text of the text of Chu characters investigated in this article is 41601 words, the total character amount is 3553 words, and the frequency of the use of Chinese characters in this historical period is counted, and it is divided into sixteen character frequency segments, respectively. According to the ratio of word numbers and the number of words in the total character of each word frequency section, it is determined that the commonly used characters are 607 words, 853 words in common use and 2093 words of uncommon characters. Through the analysis and summarization of the survey results, it is found that certain characteristics and laws are basically consistent with the usage rules of Chinese characters in the whole development history.
This article is divided into five parts: the first chapter, through the analysis of the present situation of the research on the application of modern and historical characters, expounds the purpose and significance of the investigation of Chinese characters used in the generation of Chinese characters. Through the analysis of the characteristics of the Chu characters in the Warring States, the purpose and significance of the investigation are clarified.
The second chapter, according to the selection principle of the investigation object of Chinese characters used for Chinese characters, determines the subject of this subject, and makes clear that the base of this survey is the word, not the word, and discusses the relevant theories, principles and concepts involved in the investigation.
The third chapter designs and implements the construction of the Warring States Chu script corpus, and introduces the application and value of corpus.
The fourth chapter from the number of words, words, word frequency, variant words, ancient and modern characters, common words, common words, uncommon words and other angles, present the results of this article, and compared and analyzed the results of the investigation.
The conclusion summarizes the overall application of Chu characters in the Warring States period from the angles of commonly used characters and articles.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：K231;H121

【引证文献】