康熙时期艾若瑟出使罗马始末考察

发布时间：2018-05-21 01:22

本文选题：艾若瑟 + 中国礼仪之争　；参考：《暨南大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 清康熙年间,新任教宗克莱芒十一世公布谕令严格禁止传教士敬孔祭祖,并派特使铎罗来华解决各天主教修会对待中国礼仪态度不一致的问题,而康熙对在华传教士实施“领票”制度,规定只有那些尊重中国礼仪的传教士才会被允许继续在华传教。康熙为了处理好这一敏感问题,一方面热情款待“顽固异常”的铎罗特使,一方面一如既往地引进熟谙西洋技艺之传教士,还积极主动派多名耶稣会士出使罗马,以加强与教廷的沟通。康熙四十五(1706)及四十六(1707)年,康熙连续三次派出耶稣会士出访罗马教廷。而艾若瑟作为康熙四十六年出使罗马的代表,也是西方耶稣会士中唯一成功到达欧洲的康熙特使,在欧洲停留十余年,曾在罗马连续五次上书教宗陈述有关问题,在康熙与教廷关系史中扮演了重要的角色。本文拟在前人研究的基础上,参考最近整理出版之中西档案文献,对艾若瑟出使罗马始末作一次全面梳理,试图探讨康熙时期清廷、里斯本及教廷各方的相互交涉及政治角力,同时尝试更深入地理解来华西士的遭遇及体验。
[Abstract]:During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the new Pope Clement XI issued an oracle strictly prohibiting missionaries from honoring Confucius and offering worship to their ancestors, and sent special envoys to China to solve the problem of different attitudes toward Chinese etiquette among the Catholics. Kangxi issued a system of "getting votes" to missionaries in China, stipulating that only missionaries who respected Chinese etiquette would be allowed to continue to preach in China. In order to deal with this sensitive issue, Kangxi, on the one hand, warmly entertained the "stubborn" ambassador, on the other hand, introduced missionaries familiar with Western skills, and took the initiative to send many Jesuits to Rome. To strengthen communication with the Holy see. Kangxi 45 / 1706) and 46 / 1707), Kangxi sent three consecutive Jesuits to the Holy see. As a representative of Kangxi's 46 years in Rome and the only Western Jesuit envoy to Europe, Erother stayed in Europe for more than 10 years and wrote to the pope in Rome for five consecutive times to state the relevant issues. He played an important role in the history of Kangxi's relationship with the Holy see. On the basis of previous studies and referring to the recent publication of the Sino-Western archival documents, this paper tries to make a comprehensive combing of the diplomatic missions of Heroser to Rome, and tries to explore the political struggle between the Qing Dynasty, Lisbon and the Holy see during the Kangxi period. At the same time, try to understand more deeply the experience and experience of the West China.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K249

【参考文献】