清代贵州移民叙论
发布时间：2018-08-27 10:40
【摘要】： 清代人口剧增,政府为缓解人口压力积极推行移民政策。在此背景下,贵州因地旷人稀等各种有利因素吸引了大批移民。因此,清代贵州人口迅速增加。人口迁入贵州,给贵州经济、文化等诸方面带来了积极的影响,促进了边疆地区的开发和多民族国家的发展。虽然移民入黔出现了一些问题,诸如在一定程度上破坏了生态环境,产生了民族矛盾等,但都不能抹煞其在贵州移民史上的作用。 本文一共分为四个部分。第一部分是对清代以前移民进入贵州的历史回顾及论述清代内地人口进入贵州的原因。贵州移民的发展存在明显的阶段性,明代以前贵州人口发展十分缓慢,在人口压力、政府“改土归流”等因素共同作用下,清代贵州移民数量持续上升。 第二部分阐述了移民进入贵州的形式、特点。外地移民通过各级机构的设置、贬谪流放、军事戍守、募民垦荒、矿业开发以及经商等各种方式大量进入贵州。同时,清代贵州移民呈现出与其他朝代移民的不同特点。 第三部分记录了清代贵州各府的移民情况。清代除屯军及屯田的汉人以外,自由迁入的移民数量更多。各地自然条件差异、经济发展的状况决定了移民数量。 第四部分论述移民进入贵州的影响。清代汉族人口大规模地流入贵州,给贵州带来了积极和消极的影响。
[Abstract]:During the Qing Dynasty, the population increased dramatically, and the government actively promoted immigration policy to relieve the population pressure. In this context, Guizhou has attracted a large number of immigrants because of various favorable factors, such as sparse land. As a result, the population of Guizhou increased rapidly in the Qing Dynasty. The migration of population into Guizhou has brought positive influence to the economy and culture of Guizhou and promoted the development of frontier areas and multinational countries. Although there are some problems in migration into Guizhou, such as destroying the ecological environment to a certain extent and producing ethnic contradictions, none of them can deny its role in the history of emigration in Guizhou. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part reviews the history of immigration into Guizhou before Qing Dynasty and discusses the reasons why the inland population entered Guizhou in Qing Dynasty. There are obvious stages in the development of Guizhou immigrants. Before the Ming Dynasty, the population development of Guizhou was very slow. Under the influence of population pressure and the government "changing the land and returning to flow", the number of Guizhou immigrants in Qing Dynasty continued to rise. The second part expounds the form and characteristics of immigration into Guizhou. Through the establishment of institutions at all levels, exile, military garrison, people reclamation, mining development and business into Guizhou a large number of ways. At the same time, Guizhou immigrants in Qing Dynasty showed different characteristics from other dynasties. The third part records the immigration of Guizhou provinces in Qing Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, there were more immigrants who moved freely in addition to the Han people in Tun Jun and Tun Tian. Local natural conditions are different, economic development determines the number of immigrants. The fourth part discusses the influence of emigration into Guizhou. The large-scale inflow of Han population into Guizhou in Qing Dynasty brought positive and negative effects to Guizhou.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K249
本文编号：2207031
[Abstract]:During the Qing Dynasty, the population increased dramatically, and the government actively promoted immigration policy to relieve the population pressure. In this context, Guizhou has attracted a large number of immigrants because of various favorable factors, such as sparse land. As a result, the population of Guizhou increased rapidly in the Qing Dynasty. The migration of population into Guizhou has brought positive influence to the economy and culture of Guizhou and promoted the development of frontier areas and multinational countries. Although there are some problems in migration into Guizhou, such as destroying the ecological environment to a certain extent and producing ethnic contradictions, none of them can deny its role in the history of emigration in Guizhou. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part reviews the history of immigration into Guizhou before Qing Dynasty and discusses the reasons why the inland population entered Guizhou in Qing Dynasty. There are obvious stages in the development of Guizhou immigrants. Before the Ming Dynasty, the population development of Guizhou was very slow. Under the influence of population pressure and the government "changing the land and returning to flow", the number of Guizhou immigrants in Qing Dynasty continued to rise. The second part expounds the form and characteristics of immigration into Guizhou. Through the establishment of institutions at all levels, exile, military garrison, people reclamation, mining development and business into Guizhou a large number of ways. At the same time, Guizhou immigrants in Qing Dynasty showed different characteristics from other dynasties. The third part records the immigration of Guizhou provinces in Qing Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, there were more immigrants who moved freely in addition to the Han people in Tun Jun and Tun Tian. Local natural conditions are different, economic development determines the number of immigrants. The fourth part discusses the influence of emigration into Guizhou. The large-scale inflow of Han population into Guizhou in Qing Dynasty brought positive and negative effects to Guizhou.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K249
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 黄健琴;;清代黔西北地区矿业开发与自然环境变迁研究综述[J];怀化学院学报;2012年09期
，本文编号：2207031
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