宋代书院与社会控制

发布时间：2019-01-01 20:08

【摘要】： 宋代是中国古代书院发展过程中的重要阶段。文章认为宋代书院的发展和繁荣是社会变革的契合物。古代封建社会发展到宋代发生了重大的变化,社会阶层的变革、经济的变革引起了思想文化领域的变化,出现了社会信仰危机,进而引发了社会问题,危及统治者的统治。而要从根本上解决这些问题,只有复兴儒学,重塑社会信仰,才能巩固封建社会的统治基础。宋代书院教育完成了科举制度巩固统治基础的目标;其与官学角色互动,成为国家养士的场所;同时,书院也有效的控制和笼络了乡里的精英阶层;并架起儒学通往民间社会的桥梁,实现社会的普及教化。通过这四个方面宋代书院能够实现对社会信仰的重塑,达到对社会控制的目的。但这一控制并不是在很短的时间内实现的,而是历经了两宋的漫长时期,宋代书院由原本知识的传授向伦理的教化转变,完成了儒学的复兴,使儒学论理思想深入社会广大民众,并最终影响整个后期的封建社会。
[Abstract]:Song Dynasty is an important stage in the development of ancient Chinese academies. The article thinks that the development and prosperity of academies in Song Dynasty are the consonant of social change. The ancient feudal society developed to the Song Dynasty had the important change, the social stratum transformation, the economic transformation caused the ideological and cultural domain change, appeared the social belief crisis, then caused the social question, endangered the ruler's rule. To solve these problems fundamentally, only by reviving Confucianism and reshaping social beliefs can the ruling foundation of feudal society be consolidated. The academy education of Song Dynasty has completed the goal of strengthening the ruling foundation of imperial examination system; it has interacted with the role of the official and become the place of the national sustenance; at the same time, the academy has also effectively controlled and won over the elite class in the countryside. And build up the bridge between Confucianism and civil society, and realize the popularization and enlightenment of the society. Through these four aspects, academies of Song Dynasty can realize the remolding of social beliefs and achieve the purpose of social control. However, this control was not realized in a very short period of time, but after a long period of time in the two Song dynasties, the academy of learning in the Song Dynasty changed from the teaching of knowledge to the enlightenment of ethics and completed the revival of Confucianism. So that Confucianism thought deeply into the general public, and ultimately affected the whole feudal society.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G649.299;K244

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