清代法律中的姻亲服制关系分析

发布时间：2019-03-20 17:43

【摘要】：姻亲是亲属的重要组成部分,与亲属的另一部分——宗亲(本宗男性父系家族成员)共同纳入标志亲缘远近的服制之中。与宗亲服制相比,姻亲服制的有服范围小、服等低,这是古代以男性父系家族为中心的宗法造成的。不少亲情很近的姻亲成员,都被排除在五服之外,在法律上是以"凡"对待,在清代遗留下来的刑事档案中有大量的具体鲜明的反映,它与姻亲间的实际亲情情况不符,还造成姻亲中某些伦理关系的矛盾与错乱。而官方在科举、官员选任的亲属回避制度上,便不按这种服制,而根据实际亲情情况,将无服或服等低的姻亲,与亲缘对等的宗亲一样,纳入回避范围。但在法律条文上,则修改不多,直到近现代,才逐步得以改变。上述矛盾现象,值得法律史、社会史、政治史研究的注意。
[Abstract]:In-laws is an important part of relatives, and the other part of relatives-patriarchal relatives (members of this male patriarchal family) into the symbol of kinship and proximity of the service system. Compared with the patriarchal system, the in-laws system has a smaller range and lower clothing, which is caused by the patriarchal system centered on male patriarchal families in ancient times. Many in-laws members who are very close to their relatives are excluded from the five uniforms, and they are treated as "ordinary" in law, and there are a large number of specific and distinct reflections in the criminal files left over from the Qing Dynasty, which is inconsistent with the actual kinship between their in-laws. It also leads to the contradiction and confusion of some ethical relations among in-laws. The official in the imperial examination, officials elected relatives to avoid the system, not according to this system, but according to the actual situation of relatives, such as no service or service and other low in-laws, like the relatives of relatives, into the scope of avoidance. However, in the legal provisions, there are few changes, until the modern, gradually changed. These contradictions deserve the attention of the study of legal history, social history and political history.
【作者单位】：南开大学中国社会史研究中心暨历史学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究项目《清代基层社会关系研究》(项目号:2009JJD840008)之成果
【分类号】：D929;K249

【共引文献】