观念与制度:北宋经筵“师道”之争的制度史根源

发布时间：2019-04-22 21:16

【摘要】：北宋经筵史上分别由王安石、程颐发动过两次坐讲之争,这两次争论在以往研究中已经引起学者们广泛重视,被认为是思想史上"师道"意识凸现的标志性事件。但学者们对该事件的阐述,往往只注重观念层面的解释,很少进入制度史层面分析相关争论存在的深层原因。由于经筵制度的发展,到北宋中后期,经筵官被部分士大夫认为具有"以道正君"的崇高职责。但在北宋初期,经筵侍讲官在职官来源上,与以伎艺侍君、身份卑微的待诏官有着密切的联系,这使得另一部分士大夫对经筵侍讲官是否承担"师道"功能表示怀疑。这一隐藏于制度史深处的矛盾,是士大夫们就立讲、坐讲持不同意见的重要原因。可见,在观察某些与政治背景密切相关的思想史课题时,不可忽略制度因素的影响。
[Abstract]:In the history of the Northern Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi and Cheng Yi respectively initiated two debates about sitting and speaking. These two debates have attracted wide attention from scholars in the past, and are regarded as the iconic events of the consciousness of "teacher Tao" in the history of thought. However, scholars often only pay attention to the interpretation of the concept level, and seldom go into the system history level to analyze the deep causes of the related controversy. Due to the development of Jingyan system, in the middle and late period of Northern Song Dynasty, the officials of Jingyi were regarded by some scholar-officials as having the noble duty of "being right by the way". However, in the early Northern Song Dynasty, there was a close connection between the minister of the Sutra and the official who served the emperor with the skill of skill and the humble status of the official, which made some scholar-officials doubt whether the lecturer took on the function of "teacher's way". This contradiction, hidden deep in the history of the system, is an important reason for scholars to stand up and sit down and hold different opinions. It can be seen that the influence of institutional factors should not be ignored when observing some topics of ideological history which are closely related to the political background.
【作者单位】：复旦大学历史系;
【基金】：复旦大学“985工程”三期人文学科整体推进重大项目“中古中国的知识、信仰与制度的整合研究”的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：K244

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