民国时期的少数民族精英:理解中国从“天下帝国”到“民族国家”进程的钥匙

发布时间：2018-06-17 08:46

本文选题：天下帝国 + 华夷之辨　；参考：《社会科学战线》2011年08期

【摘要】：中国历来是一个多族群的"天下帝国",直至鸦片战争以前,东亚大陆中原地区的中央皇权从未遇到真正的挑战,即使是"入主中原"的"蛮夷"也属于多年受到中原文化影响、努力融入中原文化的边缘群体,几千年的中国民族史,可以说是一部中原"华夏"与边疆"蛮夷"之间互动融合的历史。鸦片战争完全改变了这一基本政治格局,在列强"船坚炮利"的冲击和欧洲"民族主义"思潮的影响下,中国边疆地区的少数民族精英面临着一个历史抉择,是继续认同"中华民族"并共同抵御外敌,还是在中国的中央政权衰弱之时趁机谋求独立,这决定了中国是否能够保持清朝的版图和民族关系的未来走向。我们认为民国时期的少数民族精英,是理解中国从"天下帝国"到"民族国家"进程的钥匙。
[Abstract]:China has always been a multi-ethnic "world empire", until the Opium War, the central imperial power in the Central Plains of East Asia never met a real challenge. Even the "barbarians" of "taking over the Central Plains" were influenced by the Central Plains culture for many years. It is a history of interaction and fusion between the Central Plains "China" and the frontier "barbarians", which has been thousands of years' history of Chinese nationality in the marginal groups of the Central Plains culture. The Opium War completely changed this basic political pattern. Under the impact of the great powers and the European trend of "nationalism", the ethnic minority elites in China's frontier areas were faced with a historical choice. Whether to continue to identify with the "Chinese nation" and resist foreign enemies, or to seek independence at a time when China's central government is weak, determines whether China can maintain the territory of the Qing Dynasty and the future trend of ethnic relations. We believe that the elite of ethnic minorities during the Republic of China is the key to understanding the process of China's transition from "empire under heaven" to "nation state".
【作者单位】：北京大学社会学人类学研究所;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(2009JJD840002)
【分类号】：K28

【共引文献】