清同光年间北京商业文化研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 18:03

【摘要】： 近代以来,伴随西方列强对中国的入侵,外国的商品和资本也源源不断地涌入中国,严重动摇了我国封建社会自给自足的自然经济基础。受外国资本主义生产方式和商品经济的影响,我国开始了商业近代化过程。清同光年间(1861年-1908年),我国资本主义工商业进入大规模发展阶段,北京的近代化过渡特征也日趋明显。随着北京由封建制经济向半殖民地半封建制经济的转化,北京商业社会的近代化经历了从缓慢发展到快速嬗变的过程,其商业文化也被赋予了与以往任何一个时期不同的内容和特点。北京在历史发展过程中是典型的消费性经济城市,其商业文化的演变具有很强的代表性。本文正文部分首先从整体上对前近代时期北京传统商业文化的发展过程、内容和特点进行了概述;其次,通过对清同光年间北京商业文化嬗变的背景、原因及表现的分析,从宏观上把握了北京商业文化嬗变的过程;再次,以商人、商人组织、商业经营观念和管理方式这四个商业文化的主要组成部分为重点,详细论述了清同光年间北京商业文化的内容及其特点,由此进一步厘清了在北京商业的近代化转型过程中,其商业文化变迁的总体状况。本题研究强调对北京商业文化的历史演变脉络和传承发展关系的整体把握,用清晰的连贯性和鲜明的对比性来突出主题。此外,考察这一转型时期北京商业文化的演变历程,对理解北京城市的近代化进程和对今天北京商业文化的建设都具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Since modern times, with the invasion of China by Western powers, foreign commodities and capital have been pouring into China, which has seriously shaken the natural and economic foundation of self-sufficiency in feudal society of our country. Influenced by foreign capitalist mode of production and commodity economy, China began the process of commercial modernization. During the Qing Dynasty (1861-1908), China's capitalist industry and commerce entered the stage of large-scale development, and the characteristics of Beijing's modernization transition became more and more obvious. With the transformation of Beijing from feudal economy to semi-colonial and semi-feudal economy, the modernization of Beijing's commercial society experienced a process from slow development to rapid evolution. Its business culture has also been endowed with different contents and characteristics from any previous period. Beijing is a typical consumer economy city in the process of historical development, and its commercial culture evolves with strong representativeness. The main text of this paper firstly summarizes the development process, content and characteristics of Beijing's traditional commercial culture in the pre-modern period, and secondly, through the analysis of the background, reasons and performance of the evolution of Beijing's commercial culture during the period of Tongguang in Qing Dynasty. From the macro perspective, it grasps the process of the evolution of Beijing's commercial culture. Thirdly, it focuses on the four major components of the commercial culture, namely, the businessman, the merchant organization, the business management concept and the management mode. This paper discusses in detail the content and characteristics of Beijing's commercial culture during the Qing Dynasty, and further clarifies the general situation of its commercial culture changes in the process of the modernization of Beijing's commerce. This study emphasizes the historical evolution of Beijing business culture and the overall grasp of the relationship between inheritance and development, with clear coherence and sharp contrast to highlight the theme. In addition, it is of great significance to understand the process of modernization of Beijing city and the construction of commercial culture in Beijing today.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K291;K256

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