《仪礼》思想研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 04:18

本文选题：《仪礼》　切入点：阴阳五行思想　出处：《西北大学》2003年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 《仪礼》是儒家礼学著作“三礼”之一，又是儒家经典著作十三经之一，在中国思想文化史上占有极其重要的地位，是我们研究传统文化和建设现代文明不可忽略的重要内容；礼学研究是目前学术界研究的一个热点问题，然而说到具体的礼学著作《仪礼》的研究成果却是十分少见；正是基于以上原因本文开始了对《仪礼》的思想研究。《仪礼》的内容是属于社会生活史的内容，其文字材料以制度规定为主要表现形式，，这些都为研究《仪礼》思想提供了丰富的资料。运用社会史和思想史相结合的方法来研究思想史，这是侯外庐先生对中国思想史研究在方法上的伟大贡献。本文通过《仪礼》的制度规定研究《仪礼》的思想，是对社会史和思想史相结合研究思想史方法的具体化；同时也是对思想史研究在研究范围和研究史料上的扩展。《仪礼》十七篇体现的思想内容是十分丰富的，然而又是系统一体的。阴阳五行思想是《仪礼》一书的主体思想。《仪礼》的编著者用阴阳五行思想将十七篇中有着各自古老起源的礼节仪式统一在一部著作中，使阴阳五行思想成为一种社会生活和思维观念，并广泛而深刻地影响到《仪礼》的宗教思想、伦理思想、教育思想和政治思想等。《仪礼》的宗教思想强调用礼的仪式来体现宗教观念，同时也使它的宗教思想礼学化。《仪礼》中存在对天命鬼神广泛而虔诚地崇拜，但同时又注重着对人间宗法和道德地规定和要求；尤其是《仪礼》的感应思想在这方面表现极为凸出。《仪礼》的伦理思想遵照“尊尊、亲亲、长长、男女有别”的原则来规范世俗社会人伦关系，在道德内容上表现出“三纲五常”的大体框架。《仪礼》的教育思想以儒家教育规定的内容为内容，但教育性质是官学化的，是对战国末期教育发展的总结，其目的是要培养封建大一统时代所需要的统治人才。《仪礼》政治思想的主体是儒家的德治统治思想，其政治机构、职官设置和等级制度方面都模仿周礼进行，但又表现出对法家重法和墨家尚武等思想的吸收借鉴，从而形成一种非常理想化的政治制度。这种政治思想从本质上讲是服务于封建君主专制主义中央集权的。以阴阳五行思想为纲统摄其它思想，这就是《仪礼》思想内容的特点。阴阳五行思想在战国末期兴盛，并对秦汉时期的社会历史发展产生极大影响。《仪礼》作为一部独立完整的个人著作，其成书的客观条件在先秦是不具备的。本文因此依据《仪礼》的思想内容特点和其他客观条件判断，《仪礼》的成书年代应该在秦汉之际，其编著作者为儒家后学。
[Abstract]:"Yili" is one of the Confucian "three Rites" and one of the Confucian classics "13". It occupies an extremely important position in the history of Chinese ideology and culture, and is an important content that we can not ignore in studying traditional culture and constructing modern civilization. Ritualistic study is a hot topic in academic circles at present, however, the research results of the specific works of ritualism "Yili" are very rare, and it is for the above reasons that this paper began to study the thought of "Yili". The content of "Yili" belongs to the history of social life, and its written materials are mainly expressed in the form of regulations. All these have provided rich materials for the study of the thought of "Yili". The method of combining social history with ideological history is used to study the history of thought. This is the great contribution of Hou Wailu to the study of the history of Chinese thought. This paper studies the thought of "Yili" through the system regulation of "ritual", which is the embodiment of the method of studying the history of thought by combining the history of society and the history of thought. At the same time, it is the extension of the study of the history of thought in the research scope and historical materials. The ideological content embodied in the 17 articles of "Yili" is very rich. However, it is a systematic whole. The thought of Yin-Yang and the five elements is the main body of the book "ritual". The author of "Yili" unifies the ritual of the ancient origin of the 17 articles in one book with the thoughts of "Yin-Yang" and "five elements". The thought of "Yin Yang" and "five elements" has become a kind of social life and thinking concept, and has a wide and profound influence on the religious, ethical, educational and political thoughts of "Yili". The religious thought of "Yili" emphasizes the use of ritual to embody religious ideas, and at the same time makes its religious thoughts and rites become more and more scientific. There is a widespread and devout worship of the gods and spirits of heaven in Yili. But at the same time, it pays attention to the stipulation and requirement of patriarchal lineage and morality on the earth; especially, the inductive thought of "ritual" is very prominent in this respect. The ethical thought of "respect, kinship, and length" is observed in the ethical thought of "respect, kinship, and length," The principle that men and women differ from each other in order to regulate the relationship between human relations in secular society shows the general framework of "three programmatic principles" in moral content. The educational thought of "Yili" takes the content of Confucian education as its content, but the nature of education is official. It is a summary of the development of education in the late warring States period, the purpose of which is to train the ruling talents needed in the period of feudal unification. The main body of the political thought is the Confucian thought of ruling by virtue and its political organization. In terms of setting up and rank system of official officers, they imitated Zhou Li, but also showed the absorption and reference to the thought of emphasizing the law and Mohism's martial arts, and so on. Thus a very idealized political system was formed, which essentially served the centralization of feudal autocratic monarchy. This is the characteristic of the content of Yili, which dominates other thoughts based on the thought of the five elements of Yin and Yang, which flourished at the end of the warring States period. And had a great impact on the social and historical development of the Qin and Han dynasties. As an independent and complete personal work, Therefore, according to the characteristics of the ideological content and other objective conditions of Yili, the author of the book should be in the Qin and Han dynasties, and the author of the book should be a Confucian postschool.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：K207

【引证文献】