东汉扶风马氏家族研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 11:39

本文选题：马氏家族 + 军功　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：陕西扶风马氏家族自西汉以来一直活跃在历史舞台上,以军功起家的马氏家族,在经历了几次兴衰后,终于从军功豪族逐渐发展成为文化士族,又在东汉末年蜕变为地方军阀,贯穿于整个东汉王朝始终。马氏家族自西汉武帝时期以二千石高官迁往都城,由于其家族成员马何罗谋反,导致其家族不得显任。直到王莽末,马氏家族的马援为刘秀夺得天下,成为东汉王朝的军功贵族,其家族再次得以显赫。但是,马援死后遭到馋隙,马家也再度失势。明帝时,马援的女儿被封为皇后,马氏家族得以达到鼎盛,马氏也成为四大外戚家族之一。明帝时设立的“四姓小侯学”,其中就有马氏。马氏家族借此良机,逐渐从军功、外戚豪族转变成为文化士族。这一成功蜕变使马氏家族保持了家族的繁荣和兴旺,与同时期的外戚窦氏形成了鲜明的对比。到东汉中后期,马氏家族的马融脱颖而出,成为东汉中后期的儒学大师,从他的作品中我们都可以看到他的博学多才及其学术造诣。进入东汉后期,马腾、马超父子在凉州地区以军事再度崛起,加入到了东汉末年的军阀大混战中。马氏家族之所以能活跃于东汉王朝始终：一方面,与东汉王朝的豪族政治有极大的关系；另一方面,马氏家族在文学方面的成就,也确立了其在当时的豪族地位。因此,马氏家族作为东汉时期豪宗强族的重要一支,其家族的兴衰发展史,基本上成为了东汉王朝的缩影。所以,若论东汉王朝各豪族之家的兴衰发展史,马氏家族无疑是其中最具有代表性的一族。这也是本文对马氏家族花重笔墨进行研究的意义所在。
[Abstract]:Since the Western Han Dynasty, the Shaanxi Fufeng Ma family has been active on the historical stage. After several ups and downs, the Ma family, which started with military merit, finally developed from the military clan to the cultural clan, and then changed into a local warlord at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Throughout the entire Eastern Han Dynasty. The Ma family moved to the capital with two thousand stone officials during the Western Han Dynasty. Because of the rebellion of his family member Maholo, his family could not be appointed. Until the end of Wang Mang, Ma's family won the world for Liu Xiu and became the aristocrat of the Eastern Han Dynasty. However, after the death of horse aid was greedy gap, the horse is also lost. In Ming Dynasty, Ma Yuan's daughter was made queen, and the Ma family became one of the four big foreign Qi families. Ming emperor established the "four surname Xiao Hou School", including Ma. The Ma family took advantage of this opportunity and gradually changed from military achievement to cultural clan. This successful transformation made the Marsh family keep the prosperity and prosperity of the family, in sharp contrast with the foreign Qi Dou family of the same period. By the middle and late Han Dynasty, Ma Rong of Ma's family stood out and became the master of Confucianism in the middle and late Han Dynasty. From his works, we can see his erudition and academic attainments. In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Ma Teng, Ma Chao and his son rose up militarily in Liangzhou, and joined in the great war of warlords in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The reason why the Ma family was active in the Eastern Han Dynasty: on the one hand, it had a great relationship with the politics of the great clan in the Eastern Han Dynasty; on the other hand, the achievements of the Ma family in literature also established its status of the great clan at that time. Therefore, as an important branch of the Haozongqiang clan in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the rise and fall history of the Ma family basically became the epitome of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Therefore, if the history of the rise and fall of the families of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Ma family is undoubtedly the most representative of one of them. This is also the significance of this study on the Mahalanshi family heavy pen and ink.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K234.2

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