清代前期台湾内外洋划分与水师辖区——中国对钓鱼岛的管辖权补证

发布时间：2018-05-19 22:02

本文选题：清代前期 + 台湾府　；参考：《军事历史研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：如同中国沿海各省各府一样,清代前期福建台湾府不仅按照朝廷旨意,严格划分了内洋与外洋,明确了水师官兵的水陆汛地,而且建立了比较严格的巡逻会哨制度。凡是靠近台湾府和澎湖厅治所所在岛屿(台湾岛和澎湖岛)岛岸的岛屿和洋面均被划入内洋,纳入文武官员共同的管辖范围;凡是远离台湾府和澎湖厅治所所在岛屿(台湾岛和澎湖岛)岛岸的岛屿和洋面均被划入外洋,由水师官兵负责巡洋会哨。台湾海峡在清代前期已经形成了"两纵八横"的海道网络。水师的管辖范围大致包括台湾海峡全部水域和台湾岛周围海道以内的内外洋水域。台湾南面的琉球屿、七星岩,东面的兰屿(红头屿)、绿岛(火烧屿),北面的鸡笼、花瓶屿、棉花屿、钓鱼台等作为商船、渔船、兵船或海匪船只的临时港口及其所在洋面是清代环台湾海道的重要组成部分,已经被纳入清军水师巡哨、管控范围。
[Abstract]:As in the coastal provinces of China, in the early Qing Dynasty, the Fujian and Taiwan governments not only strictly divided the inland and foreign lands according to the will of the court, but also established a more strict system of patrol and sentinel. All the islands and ocean areas near the coast of Taiwan and Penghu Islands (Taiwan Island and Penghu Island) have been brought under the common jurisdiction of civil and military officials. All the islands and oceans far away from Taiwan and Penghu Islands (Taiwan Island and Penghu Island) were classified into the foreign ocean, and the officers and men of the Water Division were responsible for the patrol. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Taiwan Strait had formed a sea-way network of "two vertical and eight horizontal". The jurisdiction of the division covers approximately all the waters of the Taiwan Strait and the inner and outer ocean waters within the sea lanes around Taiwan Island. Taiwan's southern Ryukyu Island, Qixing Rock, the eastern Orchid Island (Hongtou Island), the Green Island (Huozao Island, Chicken Cage in the North, Vase Island, Cotton Island, Diaoyutai, etc.) are used as merchant vessels and fishing boats. The temporary port and the sea surface of the warship or the sea bandit ship are important parts of the Taiwan sea lanes around the Qing Dynasty, and have been included in the patrol and control scope of the naval division of the Qing army.
【作者单位】：河北师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：2016年国家社会科学基金重点项目“清代近海管辖权研究与资料整理”(16AZS008) 2014年河北省教育厅人文社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“清代内洋与外洋的划分及其管辖权”(ZD201422)
【分类号】：E292;K249

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