清代金陵甘氏家族研究
发布时间：2018-09-07 06:52
【摘要】：金陵甘氏家族是清代著名的文化世族,世居江宁小丹阳。明末迁入南京城内,至清代乾嘉年间发家,开始搬进今天的“甘家大院”,并一跃成为金陵城屈指可数的大族之一。 有关明清江南大族的研究较多,但南京的相关研究成果却很少。原因主要是南京的文化大族流寓多于土著以及有关南京的文献留存数量不多。金陵甘氏作为世居南京的大族,在清代中后期家业达到顶峰,其居住的甘家大院被民间俗称为“九十九间半”,是南京目前面积最大、保存最完整的私人民宅,整个建筑反映了金陵士绅阶层的文化品位和伦理观念。建筑的布局严格按照宗法观念及家族制度而布置,讲究子孙满堂、数代同堂,致使宅第的规模庞大、等级森严,各类用房的位置、装修、面积、造型都具有统一的等级规定。甘氏族人自己撰写的家族相关史料现收藏在南京图书馆古籍部,主要有《白下琐言》、《梦六府君(甘福)行述》、《钦旌孝子甘君(遐年)传》、《静斋府君(延年)行述》、《健侯府君(甘元焕)行述》等。 本文的正文部分共由五章组成,对金陵甘氏家族的源起、发展、鼎盛和衰落进行了研究,并以清代中后期为主要时间点进行考察。 第一章主要讲述甘氏家族的起源,通过甘氏后裔的回忆确定金陵甘氏的祖先为东晋的甘卓,并世代居住在今南京市江宁区丹阳镇(俗称小丹阳)甘村。甘氏家族于明代末年迁入南京城内,直到甘国栋、甘福父子时才正式迁居南捕厅,即今天的“甘家大院”,使家族逐渐走向辉煌。 第二章主要讲述甘氏家族的发展,以甘国栋、甘福和甘延年为中心进行考察。金陵甘氏家族在迁入南京城后,甘国栋与其子甘福和甘延年艰苦奋斗,勤俭持家,而甘福四兄弟皆弃学从商,迅速扩大家业。特别是甘福,在恪守孝道、扩大家业,兴建藏书楼、整理本地文献和参与地方公益事业等方面都有着突出的贡献。嘉庆四年(1799年)甘家搬入南捕厅不久,甘国栋即去世,主要由长子甘福主持家务。甘福以身作则,率领众兄弟继续经营家族产业,家境稍微富裕之后,便组织重修祖墓,建立家塾,发扬了家族的“友恭精神”。而道光二十二年(1832年)甘氏藏书楼——津逮楼的建成使甘氏家族在南京的影响力大增,甘福还参与了众多地方公益事业,为后代做出了榜样。 第三章主要讲述甘氏家族的鼎盛时期,以甘煦、甘熙为中心进行考察。甘福的儿子甘煦、甘熙通过科举入仕和在文学上的成就使甘氏家族正式成为了文化世家,在南京的社会影响持续扩大。其中甘熙尤为突出,以至于现在保存下来的甘家大院就被命名为——“甘熙故居”。甘熙是清代中期著名的文学家,一生经历丰富,著作等身,是金陵甘氏由商入仕最杰出的代表人物。他继承了父亲的遗志,通过自身的努力,终于使甘氏家族成为金陵城屈指可数的大家族,使家族的名望达到顶峰。 第四章主要讲述甘氏家族的衰落,以甘元焕为代表人物进行考察。甘元焕是甘氏家族后期最重要的人物之一,一生经历颇为坎坷。由于年幼时因战乱而四处流亡,所以身体比较虚弱。但是他能在艰苦的环境下刻苦读书,最终成为了著名的方志学家,甘氏家族的精神在他的身上多有体现。可惜咸丰三年(1853年)的战火使甘家遭受了毁灭性的打击,多数房屋被毁,津逮楼也被付之一炬。甘元焕虽力图恢复甘家往日的辉煌,但终究未能如愿。 第五章主要介绍甘氏其它名人及家族交游状况。金陵甘氏人才众多,交游广泛,本章介绍了一些人物,对金陵甘氏的家族史进行了简要补充。他们见证了甘氏家族的兴衰,对南京本地也有重要的影响。 金陵甘氏不仅为南京本地做出了巨大贡献,也在文化史上留下了光辉的一页,而今天保存下来的甘家大院也成为南京重要的物质文化遗产。通过研究金陵甘氏的家族史,对清代南京的世家大族和文化史研究都有重要的借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:The Gan family in Jinling was a famous cultural family of the Qing Dynasty, living in Danyang, a small town in Jiangning. It moved into Nanjing in the late Ming Dynasty and made its fortune in the Qianlong and Jiaqing Dynasties of the Qing Dynasty.
The main reason is that there are more cultural tribes in Nanjing than aborigines and the number of documents about Nanjing is not very large. As a large family living in Nanjing, the Gan family in Jinling reached its peak in the middle and late Qing Dynasty, and the Gan family courtyard in which they lived was called by folk custom. Ninety-nine-and-a-half rooms, the largest and most complete private residence in Nanjing, reflect the cultural and ethical values of the gentry class in Jinling. The layout of the building is strictly in accordance with patriarchal concepts and family systems, stressing the mansion of the descendants and the co-existence of several generations, resulting in the large-scale, strict hierarchy and various uses of the residence. The location, decoration, area and shape of the house have unified hierarchical regulations. The family related historical materials written by the Gans themselves are now collected in the Ancient Books Department of Nanjing Library. They are mainly Baixia Zaoyan, Meng Liufujun (Ganfu) statement, Qin Pei Xiaozi Ganjun (the year of reverence), Jingzhai Fujun (the year of reverence) statement, Jianhou Fujun (Ganyuanhuan) statement, etc.
The main body of this paper is composed of five chapters. It studies the origin, development, prosperity and decline of the Gan family in Jinling and takes the middle and late Qing Dynasty as the main time point.
The first chapter mainly talks about the origin of Gan's family. The ancestors of Gan's family in Jinling were determined to be Ganzhuo of Eastern Jin Dynasty by the recollection of Gan's descendants. Gan's family lived in Gancun of Danyang Town (Xiaodanyang) in Jiangning District of Nanjing for generations. Gan's family moved into Nanjing in the late Ming Dynasty. It was not until Gan Guodong that Gan's father and son officially moved to the South Arresting Hall. The "Gan family courtyard" has gradually led the family to glory.
The second chapter mainly describes the development of Gan's family, with Gan Guodong, Gan Fu and Gan Yannian as the center of the investigation. After the Gan's family moved to Nanjing, Gan Guodong and his son Gan Fu and Gan Yannian struggled hard and thrifty, and Gan Fu's four brothers abandoned their studies in business and expanded their family business rapidly. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), Gan Guodong died shortly after his family moved into Nanchu Hall. Gan Guodong, the eldest son, was the chief housekeeper. Gan Fu set an example and led his brothers to continue to run the family business. After his family was slightly prosperous, he organized the restoration of his ancestral tomb. In 1832, the completion of the Gan's library, the Jinzhao Building, greatly increased the influence of the Gan's family in Nanjing. Gan Fu also participated in many local public welfare undertakings and set an example for future generations.
The third chapter mainly tells about the prosperous period of Gan's family, with Gan Xi as the center of investigation. Gan Fu's son Gan Xu, Gan Xi made the Gan's family become a cultural family formally through the imperial examination and literary achievements, and the social influence in Nanjing continued to expand. The courtyard was named Ganxi's former residence.Ganxi was a famous writer in the mid-Qing Dynasty.He had rich experience and works.He was the most outstanding representative of Gan's family in Jinling.He inherited his father's will and through his own efforts, Gan's family became one of the largest families in Jinling City and made it famous. Peaking.
Gan Yuanhuan is one of the most important characters in the later period of Gan's family. His life experience is rather rough. He was weak because he was in exile because of war when he was young. But he could study hard in a difficult environment and eventually became famous. The spirit of Gan's family was embodied in him by local chroniclers. Unfortunately, the three-year war in Xianfeng (1853) caused the Gan family to suffer a devastating blow. Most of the houses were destroyed and Jin Jialou was torched.
The fifth chapter mainly introduces the friendship between other famous people and their families in Gan's family.There are many talented people in Jinling Gan's family and the friendship is extensive.This chapter introduces some characters and makes a brief supplement to the family history of Gan's family in Jinling.They have witnessed the rise and fall of Gan's family and exerted an important influence on Nanjing.
Gan's family in Jinling not only made a great contribution to the local area of Nanjing, but also left a glorious page in the cultural history. Today's Gan's courtyard has become an important material and cultural heritage in Nanjing.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K249
本文编号：2227516
[Abstract]:The Gan family in Jinling was a famous cultural family of the Qing Dynasty, living in Danyang, a small town in Jiangning. It moved into Nanjing in the late Ming Dynasty and made its fortune in the Qianlong and Jiaqing Dynasties of the Qing Dynasty.
The main reason is that there are more cultural tribes in Nanjing than aborigines and the number of documents about Nanjing is not very large. As a large family living in Nanjing, the Gan family in Jinling reached its peak in the middle and late Qing Dynasty, and the Gan family courtyard in which they lived was called by folk custom. Ninety-nine-and-a-half rooms, the largest and most complete private residence in Nanjing, reflect the cultural and ethical values of the gentry class in Jinling. The layout of the building is strictly in accordance with patriarchal concepts and family systems, stressing the mansion of the descendants and the co-existence of several generations, resulting in the large-scale, strict hierarchy and various uses of the residence. The location, decoration, area and shape of the house have unified hierarchical regulations. The family related historical materials written by the Gans themselves are now collected in the Ancient Books Department of Nanjing Library. They are mainly Baixia Zaoyan, Meng Liufujun (Ganfu) statement, Qin Pei Xiaozi Ganjun (the year of reverence), Jingzhai Fujun (the year of reverence) statement, Jianhou Fujun (Ganyuanhuan) statement, etc.
The main body of this paper is composed of five chapters. It studies the origin, development, prosperity and decline of the Gan family in Jinling and takes the middle and late Qing Dynasty as the main time point.
The first chapter mainly talks about the origin of Gan's family. The ancestors of Gan's family in Jinling were determined to be Ganzhuo of Eastern Jin Dynasty by the recollection of Gan's descendants. Gan's family lived in Gancun of Danyang Town (Xiaodanyang) in Jiangning District of Nanjing for generations. Gan's family moved into Nanjing in the late Ming Dynasty. It was not until Gan Guodong that Gan's father and son officially moved to the South Arresting Hall. The "Gan family courtyard" has gradually led the family to glory.
The second chapter mainly describes the development of Gan's family, with Gan Guodong, Gan Fu and Gan Yannian as the center of the investigation. After the Gan's family moved to Nanjing, Gan Guodong and his son Gan Fu and Gan Yannian struggled hard and thrifty, and Gan Fu's four brothers abandoned their studies in business and expanded their family business rapidly. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), Gan Guodong died shortly after his family moved into Nanchu Hall. Gan Guodong, the eldest son, was the chief housekeeper. Gan Fu set an example and led his brothers to continue to run the family business. After his family was slightly prosperous, he organized the restoration of his ancestral tomb. In 1832, the completion of the Gan's library, the Jinzhao Building, greatly increased the influence of the Gan's family in Nanjing. Gan Fu also participated in many local public welfare undertakings and set an example for future generations.
The third chapter mainly tells about the prosperous period of Gan's family, with Gan Xi as the center of investigation. Gan Fu's son Gan Xu, Gan Xi made the Gan's family become a cultural family formally through the imperial examination and literary achievements, and the social influence in Nanjing continued to expand. The courtyard was named Ganxi's former residence.Ganxi was a famous writer in the mid-Qing Dynasty.He had rich experience and works.He was the most outstanding representative of Gan's family in Jinling.He inherited his father's will and through his own efforts, Gan's family became one of the largest families in Jinling City and made it famous. Peaking.
Gan Yuanhuan is one of the most important characters in the later period of Gan's family. His life experience is rather rough. He was weak because he was in exile because of war when he was young. But he could study hard in a difficult environment and eventually became famous. The spirit of Gan's family was embodied in him by local chroniclers. Unfortunately, the three-year war in Xianfeng (1853) caused the Gan family to suffer a devastating blow. Most of the houses were destroyed and Jin Jialou was torched.
The fifth chapter mainly introduces the friendship between other famous people and their families in Gan's family.There are many talented people in Jinling Gan's family and the friendship is extensive.This chapter introduces some characters and makes a brief supplement to the family history of Gan's family in Jinling.They have witnessed the rise and fall of Gan's family and exerted an important influence on Nanjing.
Gan's family in Jinling not only made a great contribution to the local area of Nanjing, but also left a glorious page in the cultural history. Today's Gan's courtyard has become an important material and cultural heritage in Nanjing.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K249
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