辽代五京建置研究
发布时间：2018-10-29 16:33
【摘要】：辽朝是以我国北方契丹族为主体建立的一个封建王朝。自公元916年阿保机建国到1125年被金灭亡,在长达二百多年的封建统治中,辽朝的建立对后期我国统一的多民族国家的形成,起到了不可磨灭的作用。随着统治区域的不断扩张,辽朝统治阶级根据本民族的传统习俗和国家的现实状况,在地理区域管理方面采取了非常有特色的五京都城制度,先后建立了上京、南京、中京、东京、西京这五个京城。 由于辽国地处北疆草原,地域辽阔、交通不便,人口分布疏密不均,境内部族众多,除大多数契丹民族和汉族外,还有奚、渤海、高丽、女真等十余个民族杂居相处,经济结构的差异、社会发展的不同以及固有的民族情感纠葛等,导致了辽朝城市聚落反映出不同的类型。 五京的建立是辽朝地域差异整合的体现,在五京建立的过程中,广袤的辽国疆域开始进行区域整合。从历史的角度看,五京制的建立与契丹族的游牧生活方式也有着一定的关系,当游牧民族向农耕民族过渡时,就需要固定并且安逸的生活环境来保障这两个不同类型的转换,正因如此,逐渐改变了契丹族以往“逐水草而居”的游牧生活方式。当然,五京制的形成也是在借鉴其他朝代京城制度的基础之上。 本文的第一部分介绍了五京制建立的历史渊源及其原因;第二部分论述了五京建立的时间、地理位置、自然环境、辖区、规模、统辖区内的民族以及文献记载与考古资料所反映的城市建设的一些特点;第三部分论述了五个京城的政治职能、经济职能、军事职能和文化职能。不同京城的不同城建布局,反映了各自的职能。五京的建立,不仅促进了辽朝的政治、军事、经济、文化的发展,同时也为后世的城市建设及其发展提供了借鉴。辽朝五京的建立,不仅促进了民族的融合,同时还促进了契丹王朝社会的进步。五京的建立,不仅对辽朝政权的稳定起到一定的保障作用,也对金朝的京城建置起到较大的影响。
[Abstract]:Liao Dynasty is a feudal dynasty established by Qidan nationality in northern China. During the feudal rule of more than 200 years, the establishment of Liao Dynasty played an indelible role in the formation of a unified multi-ethnic country in late China. With the continuous expansion of the ruling regions, the ruling class of the Liao Dynasty adopted the five-Kyoto city system with special characteristics in terms of the management of geographical areas according to the traditional customs of the people and the reality of the country, and successively established Beijing, Nanjing, and China. Tokyo, Xijing, these five capital cities. Because Liao is located in the northern Xinjiang grasslands, with vast territory, inconvenient transportation, uneven population distribution, and numerous tribes in its territory, in addition to most Qidan and Han nationalities, there are also more than a dozen ethnic groups such as Xi, Bohai, Koryo, and Nu Zhen living together. The differences in economic structure, social development and the inherent ethnic emotional disputes resulted in different types of urban settlements in Liao Dynasty. The establishment of the five Kingdoms was the embodiment of the integration of the regional differences in the Liao Dynasty. In the course of the establishment of the five Kingdoms, the vast territory of Liao began to integrate. From the historical point of view, the establishment of the five-capital system is also related to the nomadic way of life of the Qidan nationality. When the nomadic people are in transition to farming, they need a fixed and comfortable living environment to ensure these two different types of transformation. As a result, the Qidan people gradually changed their nomadic way of living by water and grass. Of course, the formation of the five-capital system is based on the capital system of other dynasties. The first part of this paper introduces the historical origin and reasons of the establishment of the five-capital system. The second part discusses the time, geographical location, natural environment, jurisdiction, scale, nationalities in the unified area, and some characteristics of urban construction reflected by the literature records and archaeological data. The third part discusses the political, economic, military and cultural functions of the five capitals. Different city construction layout reflects their respective functions. The establishment of the five Kingdoms not only promoted the political, military, economic and cultural development of the Liao Dynasty, but also provided a reference for the future urban construction and development. The establishment of the five-capital of Liao Dynasty not only promoted the integration of nationalities, but also promoted the progress of the Qidan dynasty. The establishment of the five-capital not only guaranteed the stability of the Liao regime, but also had a great influence on the capital construction of the Jin Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K246.1
本文编号：2298224
[Abstract]:Liao Dynasty is a feudal dynasty established by Qidan nationality in northern China. During the feudal rule of more than 200 years, the establishment of Liao Dynasty played an indelible role in the formation of a unified multi-ethnic country in late China. With the continuous expansion of the ruling regions, the ruling class of the Liao Dynasty adopted the five-Kyoto city system with special characteristics in terms of the management of geographical areas according to the traditional customs of the people and the reality of the country, and successively established Beijing, Nanjing, and China. Tokyo, Xijing, these five capital cities. Because Liao is located in the northern Xinjiang grasslands, with vast territory, inconvenient transportation, uneven population distribution, and numerous tribes in its territory, in addition to most Qidan and Han nationalities, there are also more than a dozen ethnic groups such as Xi, Bohai, Koryo, and Nu Zhen living together. The differences in economic structure, social development and the inherent ethnic emotional disputes resulted in different types of urban settlements in Liao Dynasty. The establishment of the five Kingdoms was the embodiment of the integration of the regional differences in the Liao Dynasty. In the course of the establishment of the five Kingdoms, the vast territory of Liao began to integrate. From the historical point of view, the establishment of the five-capital system is also related to the nomadic way of life of the Qidan nationality. When the nomadic people are in transition to farming, they need a fixed and comfortable living environment to ensure these two different types of transformation. As a result, the Qidan people gradually changed their nomadic way of living by water and grass. Of course, the formation of the five-capital system is based on the capital system of other dynasties. The first part of this paper introduces the historical origin and reasons of the establishment of the five-capital system. The second part discusses the time, geographical location, natural environment, jurisdiction, scale, nationalities in the unified area, and some characteristics of urban construction reflected by the literature records and archaeological data. The third part discusses the political, economic, military and cultural functions of the five capitals. Different city construction layout reflects their respective functions. The establishment of the five Kingdoms not only promoted the political, military, economic and cultural development of the Liao Dynasty, but also provided a reference for the future urban construction and development. The establishment of the five-capital of Liao Dynasty not only promoted the integration of nationalities, but also promoted the progress of the Qidan dynasty. The establishment of the five-capital not only guaranteed the stability of the Liao regime, but also had a great influence on the capital construction of the Jin Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K246.1
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