明代北京亲军卫研究

发布时间：2018-11-01 19:15

【摘要】：亲军卫,其全称为亲军指挥使司,建立在明代卫所制度的基础之上。它是明朝皇帝的侍卫部队,因而地位尊贵,职能繁复。亲军卫属于在京军卫,最初由朱元璋设立于南京,共十二卫；“永乐迁都”时移至北京并有所扩充；之后又经历了宣德时期的进一步发展,最终共设二十六卫,并成为定制。亲军卫在南京草创,在北京发展并最终完善。自“永乐迁都”之后,亲军卫的衙署设置于北京,部队驻防于北京,军士屯种于北京,见证并参与了历次京师鏖战与宫廷政变,它对北京地区的军事、政治、社会生活等多方面均有深远的影响,它是北京史研究的重要组成部分。同时,亲军卫作为明朝军队的核心部分,随时牵动着帝国的命脉,它也是明史研究中不可或缺的环节。亲军卫制度既是中央军事制度,又具有鲜明的地方特色。北京的亲军卫与其它地方卫所相比,在管理机构、人员构成、军事职能、训练方式等方面均有很大不同,值得深入研究。亲军卫虽然草创于南京,但其存在于南京的时间较短,组织机构和职能都尚未完善。明成祖即位之后,北京的政治、军事地位得以上升,最终取代南京,成为了明王朝的首都。亲军卫在北京经历了永乐、宣德时期的发展,最终成为定制并延续到明末。本文将主要针对“永乐迁都”后北京地区的亲军卫进行研究。
[Abstract]:Pro-military Wei, known as the military Command Department, was established on the basis of the Ming Dynasty. It is the Ming emperor's bodyguards, so the status of noble, complex functions. The pro-military Wei belongs to the military Wei in Beijing, originally set up by Zhu Yuanzhang in Nanjing, a total of 12 Wei; "Yongle moving capital" moved to Beijing and expanded; then went through the further development of Xuande period, and finally set up a total of 26 Wei, and become custom. Pro-military Wei in Nanjing to start, in Beijing to develop and ultimately perfect. Since the "Yongle relocation of the capital," the pro-military and defensive government offices have been set up in Beijing, with troops stationed in Beijing and non-commissioned officers planted in Beijing. They have witnessed and participated in all the Beijing divisions' fierce battles and court coups. It has done military and political work to the Beijing region. Social life and other aspects have a profound impact, it is an important part of the history of Beijing. At the same time, as the core part of the Ming military, the pro-military Wei always affected the life of the empire, and it was also an indispensable link in the study of Ming history. The system of pro-military defense is not only the central military system, but also has distinct local characteristics. Compared with other local security institutes, the pro-military guards in Beijing are quite different in terms of management structure, personnel composition, military functions, training methods, and so on, which are worthy of further study. Although pro- military Wei was founded in Nanjing, it existed in Nanjing for a short time, and its organization and function were not perfect. Beijing's political and military status rose and eventually replaced Nanjing as the capital of the Ming dynasty. Pro-military Wei in Beijing experienced Yongle, Xuande period of development, and eventually become customized and extended to the late Ming. This paper will focus on the study of pro-military guards in Beijing after Yongle relocation.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K248

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