申时行研究
发布时间：2018-12-07 12:05
【摘要】：申时行,字汝默,号瑶泉,明神宗万历十一年(1583年)至十九年(1591年)任内阁首辅,是万历中期政坛颇具影响力的人物。明世宗嘉靖四十一(1562年)年,申时行以科举中状元入仕,初在翰林院供职,后因文字受知于张居正,被其举荐入阁。万历十一年(1583年),他接替回乡丁忧的张四维出任首辅。申时行担任首辅时,行宽大之政,与张居正时期严苛的执政方式形成鲜明的对比,内阁与大臣的关系逐渐得到缓和,言路益开,之前因言获罪的官僚也重新得到启用。申时行在任期间,在赈灾荒、理边事、止兴矿以及调和大臣与皇帝的关系等方面都显示了较高的政治才能,稳定了万历中期的政局。申时行虽因未能解决国本之争而为世人诟病,但其在国本之争中的作用不可被忽视。目前史学界对申时行的研究极少,对其评价亦有较多争议。本文拟通过对申时行的评述,揭示其生平事迹及行事方式,同时对万历中期的政局有所探析,并作出一个较为全面、客观的评价。 本文主要分四个部分论述： 第一部分主要叙述申时行的出身和入仕。申时行自幼受其父母良好的教育,饱有才学,且为人低调,处事老成,因此获张居正赏识进入内阁。 第二部分主要论述张居正死后的内阁权力以及申时行与皇帝和文官集团的关系。借此展现申时行任首辅时所面对的政局。 第三部分主要评述申时行在任期间对多项重大政事的处理。这部分是本文的重点,借此展现其对万历中期政局的影响。 第四部分为评价,包括明清人士及当代学界的评价,通过分析,揭示围绕申时行形成多种不同评价的原因,并对申时行做出较为全面、客观的评价。
[Abstract]:Shen Shi line, the word Yumo, Yao Quan, Ming Shenzong Wanli 11 years (1583) to 19 years (1591) as the first auxiliary cabinet, is a very influential figure in the political arena. Ming Shizong Jiajing 41 (1562), Shenshi to imperial examination in the first official, early in the Academy of Hanlin, after the text was known in Zhang Juzheng, was recommended into the cabinet. Wanli 11 years (1583), he replaced the home of Zhang Siwei as the first auxiliary. In contrast to Zhang Juzheng's harsh way of governing, the relationship between cabinet and minister was gradually relaxed, and the bureaucrats who had been convicted of the crime of speech were also reactivated. During his term of office, Shen Shi showed high political talent in the relief of famine, the management of frontier affairs, the development of mines and the reconciliation of the relationship between the minister and the emperor, which stabilized the political situation in the middle of Wanli. Although Shen Shi Xing has been criticized by the world for its failure to resolve the dispute, its role in the state-based struggle cannot be ignored. At present, there are few researches on Shen Shi and its evaluation in history circles. This paper intends to reveal his life deeds and ways of acting through the commentary of Shen Shi's visit, and at the same time to analyze the political situation in the middle of Wanli, and to make a more comprehensive and objective evaluation. This article is mainly divided into four parts: the first part mainly describes the origin of Shenshi line and official. Shen Shicheng was educated by his parents from an early age, full of talent, low profile, and experienced in handling affairs, so he was recognized as a cabinet member by Zhang Juzheng. The second part mainly discusses the cabinet power of Zhang Juzheng after his death and the relationship between Shen Shi and the Emperor and Civil Service Group. This shows the political situation that Shen Shi faces when he acts as the first assistant. The third part mainly comments on the handling of many important political affairs during Shen Shi's term of office. This part is the focus of this paper, to show its impact on the political situation in the middle of Wanli. The fourth part is the evaluation, including the Ming and Qing personages and the contemporary academic circles' evaluation, through the analysis, reveals many kinds of different appraisal reasons around the Shen Shi line, and makes the relatively comprehensive and objective appraisal to the Shen Shi line.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K248
本文编号：2367175
[Abstract]:Shen Shi line, the word Yumo, Yao Quan, Ming Shenzong Wanli 11 years (1583) to 19 years (1591) as the first auxiliary cabinet, is a very influential figure in the political arena. Ming Shizong Jiajing 41 (1562), Shenshi to imperial examination in the first official, early in the Academy of Hanlin, after the text was known in Zhang Juzheng, was recommended into the cabinet. Wanli 11 years (1583), he replaced the home of Zhang Siwei as the first auxiliary. In contrast to Zhang Juzheng's harsh way of governing, the relationship between cabinet and minister was gradually relaxed, and the bureaucrats who had been convicted of the crime of speech were also reactivated. During his term of office, Shen Shi showed high political talent in the relief of famine, the management of frontier affairs, the development of mines and the reconciliation of the relationship between the minister and the emperor, which stabilized the political situation in the middle of Wanli. Although Shen Shi Xing has been criticized by the world for its failure to resolve the dispute, its role in the state-based struggle cannot be ignored. At present, there are few researches on Shen Shi and its evaluation in history circles. This paper intends to reveal his life deeds and ways of acting through the commentary of Shen Shi's visit, and at the same time to analyze the political situation in the middle of Wanli, and to make a more comprehensive and objective evaluation. This article is mainly divided into four parts: the first part mainly describes the origin of Shenshi line and official. Shen Shicheng was educated by his parents from an early age, full of talent, low profile, and experienced in handling affairs, so he was recognized as a cabinet member by Zhang Juzheng. The second part mainly discusses the cabinet power of Zhang Juzheng after his death and the relationship between Shen Shi and the Emperor and Civil Service Group. This shows the political situation that Shen Shi faces when he acts as the first assistant. The third part mainly comments on the handling of many important political affairs during Shen Shi's term of office. This part is the focus of this paper, to show its impact on the political situation in the middle of Wanli. The fourth part is the evaluation, including the Ming and Qing personages and the contemporary academic circles' evaluation, through the analysis, reveals many kinds of different appraisal reasons around the Shen Shi line, and makes the relatively comprehensive and objective appraisal to the Shen Shi line.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K248
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