勤俭信智与读书入仕:唐宋“富民”品质特征略论

发布时间：2018-12-07 15:41

【摘要】：唐宋以来的民众在致富过程中,或勤奋节俭,或才智出众,或仁信于人,也有将众多品质兼而备之者,可谓各有其特长。富民要"保富",往往也需要勤劳经营,节俭持家,施展智慧,广行仁义,而一旦丧失这些品质,就会逐步走向衰败。使富民得以崛起的诸要素与品质中,以契合经济规律之勤、俭、信、智等品质最为重要。富民致富,与其仁义与否即道德水平之高下并无直接之相关性。富民热心于读书应举,以实现其经济目的,成为"保富"的重要手段,主要体现为两个方面:一是读书可获得致富的基本品质与专业技能,二是入仕后可免除部分赋役,并谋取其他各种附带的经济利益。同时也须看到,人们读书入仕,并不意味着一定就能取得或保持优越的经济地位。
[Abstract]:Since the Tang and Song dynasties, people in the process of becoming rich, or diligent thrift, or brilliant intelligence, or benevolence in people, but also a lot of quality and preparation, can be said to have their own strengths. Rich people want to "protect rich", often also need industrious management, frugality housekeeping, display wisdom, wide benevolence, and once the loss of these qualities, will gradually decline. Among the factors and qualities that enable the prosperity of the people to rise, the most important is the quality of diligence, thrift, trust and intelligence that accord with the economic law. Rich people become rich, and its benevolence or not, that is, the moral level is not directly related. The rich people are eager to read books in order to achieve their economic goals, and become an important means to "protect the rich", mainly reflected in two aspects: first, reading can obtain the basic quality and professional skills of getting rich; second, after entering the official position, one can get rid of part of the tax service. And seek other kinds of incidental economic benefits. At the same time, we must also see that people's official education, does not necessarily mean that they can obtain or maintain a superior economic status.
【作者单位】：云南大学中国经济史研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目“唐宋‘富民’阶层崛起与国家土地管理与赋役征发职能之转变研究”(项目编号:15BZS048)阶段性成果云南大学青年英才培育计划资助项目
【分类号】：K23

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