战国诸子“汤武革命论”比较研究

发布时间：2019-01-06 13:35

【摘要】：战国时期,社会动荡,政权变革频繁。面对复杂的形势,注重回溯历史的诸子从历史变换中寻找安定之法,三代中的汤武革命成为诸子关注的焦点之一。诸子通过论述有自身思想倾向的汤武革命来阐述自身救国理论。本文关注焦点是战国诸子运用历史阐述自身观点的论辩形式,并通过比较研究诸子关于汤武革命相异论述,进而了解战国诸子论辩过往与战国诸子史学发展的关系。本文共分为五个章节,第一章为绪论,主要内容是本文的研究综述以及研究思路。通过梳理研究背景可以了解,前人虽然对诸子“汤武革命论”有丰富的研究成果,但在史学史领域还有进一步研究之处。第二章主要内容是研究诸子论述汤武革命进程中决定因素的分歧,通过比较诸子分歧可知,孟子重民心,荀子尊圣王,墨子奉天志,韩非赞伊尹,诸子相异的叙述侧重源于不同思想倾向。第三章主要内容是诸子关于汤武革命性质差异分析。孟子从仁义角度出发认为汤武革命是以仁伐不仁的正义之举,荀子亦支持革命的正义性,墨子认为革命属于“诛”的范畴而非“攻”,韩非则认为汤武革命是弑君之举,并表示强烈反对。第四章主要内容是研究出土文献《容成氏》中关于汤武革命的论述,并分析其思想与同时代诸子观念相异之处。《容成氏》作者认为汤武革命的主因是桀纣不述先王之道,同时也不认为汤武以战争的方式征伐桀纣是转移政权的合理形式,作者支持如文王式的忠君治国之举。第五部分是对全文的总结,主要内容是本文研究诸子关于“汤武革命论”中所体现的史学特点,以及诸子相异论述于史学理论方面的原因。
[Abstract]:During the warring States period, social unrest and frequent regime change. Faced with the complicated situation, the scholars looking for the stable method from the historical change, the Tang Wu Revolution in the three dynasties became one of the focal points of the scholars' attention. By discussing the Tang Wu Revolution, which has its own ideological tendency, the philosophers expounded their own theory of saving the nation. This paper focuses on the debate form in which the scholars of the warring States period use history to expound their own viewpoints, and through comparative study on the different expositions of the Tang and Wu revolutions, we can understand the relationship between the debate of the warring States scholars and the development of the historiography of the scholars in the warring States period. This paper is divided into five chapters, the first chapter is the introduction, the main content is the research review and research ideas. Through combing the research background, it can be understood that although predecessors had rich research achievements on Tang Wu's theory of revolution, they still have further research in the field of historical history. The second chapter mainly discusses the differences of the decisive factors in the Tang Wu revolution. By comparing the differences, Mencius attaches great importance to the hearts of the people, Xunzi respects the Holy King, Mozi Fengtianzhi, Han Fei Zanyin. Different narratives focus on different thoughts. The third chapter is the main content of the Tang Wu revolution on the nature of the analysis. Mencius thinks that the Tang Wu Revolution is just with benevolence, Xunzi also supports the justice of the revolution. Mozi thinks that revolution belongs to the category of "extermination" rather than "attack", and Han Fei thinks that the Tang Wu Revolution is an act of regicide. And expressed strong opposition. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the Tang Wu revolution in the unearthed literature, and analyzes the differences between the Tang Wu revolution and the contemporary ideas. The author thinks that the main reason of the Tang Wu revolution is that Jie and Zhou did not describe the way of the former king. At the same time, the author does not think that Tang Wu's conquest of Jie and Zhou by way of war is a reasonable form of political power transfer. The fifth part is a summary of the full text. The main content of this paper is to study the characteristics of historiography embodied in the Tang Wu Revolution and the reasons why the scholars differ from each other in the theory of history.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K231

【相似文献】