罗尔斯正义理论的制度伦理研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 06:38

  本文关键词：罗尔斯正义理论的制度伦理研究　出处：《华中科技大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 罗尔斯 公平正义 社会基本结构 制度伦理

【摘要】：约翰.罗尔斯是美国当代著名的政治哲学家和伦理学家,他于1971出版的划时代巨著《正义论》,连同他后来的《政治自由主义》、《作为公平的正义》、《万民法》等著作,对社会公平正义理论作了全方位的探索：一是为现代文明条件下的封闭社会的基本结构提供了明确的正义原则并对之做出了全面的阐释。二是详尽解释了这些原则对于政治、经济等方面的制度建构的要求与意义,并对制度建构的相关内容进行了丰富的说明。三是深刻地提出了和谐社会的内在稳定性问题并给出了原创性的答案。指出了人的道德力量与他们具有的正义感和善观念的能力有关。四是他开创了遵行反思平衡的方法论原则的公共辩护进路,并开出了内容丰厚的“作为公平的正义”的正义观。 笔者研究认为,罗尔斯正义理论实质上是一种制度正义理论,或者说是制度伦理规范的社会正义理论。按照罗尔斯的理论,一旦我们承认制度对人类福利和文明进步具有重大的影响,我们就会把焦点集中到社会制度的设计和运作,集中到参与设计和维护一个制度的人们所要承担的道德责任上去,这样我们就可以为设计一个合理的制度、改革一个不合理的制度提供一个基本起点。正是从这个意义上,本论文意欲通过罗尔斯正义理论的制度伦理研究,探寻完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度的理论和实践价值。 本论文聚焦于研究罗尔斯正义理论的制度伦理。主要是对罗尔斯制度正义理论的社会背景、理论渊源进行梳理,对其理论的制度伦理、两个正义原则的制度内涵、作为社会基本结构的制度设计的合理性和稳定性进行分析,针对当代对罗尔斯制度正义理论的有代表性的批判和罗尔斯的修正及可能的辩护,分析罗尔斯理论的合理性和局限性,并提出其制度正义理论在全球的拓展,以及社会正义观念如何推动中国的思想变革和制度完善,从而对罗尔斯的制度正义伦理体系进行全景式解读和思考。
[Abstract]:John Rawls is a famous contemporary American political philosopher and ethicist, he published in 1971 the epoch-making masterpiece "theory of justice", together with his "political liberalism", "justice as fairness", "civil law > and other works, explores the full range of social justice theory: one is the basic structure is a closed Society of modern civilization under the principle of justice provides clear and has made a comprehensive explanation on it. Two is a detailed explanation of these principles for political, economic and other aspects of the construction of the system requirements and significance, relevant content and the system construction of the rich. The three is profound the inherent stability of the harmonious society and gives the original answer. It has pointed out the ability of people's moral force and they have a sense of justice and good ideas. In four he created the party to do reflective equilibrium The public defense approach of the principle of law, and a generous concept of justice as a fair justice.
The author believes that Rawls's theory of justice is essentially a system of justice theory, or is the system of ethics and social justice theory. According to Rawls's theory, once we admit that the system has a great impact on human welfare and the progress of civilization, we will focus on the design and operation of the social system, to focus on moral the responsibility of people involved in the design and maintenance of a system to be borne, so we can get a reasonable system design, a reasonable system reform to provide a basic starting point. It is in this sense, this thesis tries to research on the institutional ethics of Rawls justice theory, explore the development and perfection of China the characteristics of the socialist system of theoretical and practical value.
System ethics this thesis focuses on the research of Rawls's justice theory. The system is mainly on Rawls's theory of justice in the social background, theoretical origin of carding, the theory of institutional ethics, the connotation of the system as the two principles of justice, rationality and stability of the system design of the basic structure of society is analyzed, according to the contemporary theory of justice of Rawls system the modified representative criticism and Rawls and defense, analysis of Rawls's theory rationality and limitations, and puts forward the system of justice theory in the global development, and how to improve and promote the concept of social justice China the ideological change and system, and the Rawls justice ethics system for a panoramic view of reading and thinking.

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D091
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本文编号：1358628