荀子“化性起伪”思想及其当代启示

发布时间：2018-04-26 18:41

本文选题：荀子 + 人性　；参考：《陕西科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在中国传统文化中,对人的道德教化最为注重的当属儒家学派,特别是先秦时期儒家先贤的重要论述,这为后来中国几千年的礼教思想传承做出了突出的贡献。作为战国末期著名思想家、教育家,也是儒家代表人物之一的荀子,通过对春秋战国几百年间战乱不断、人心向背的混乱社会进行总结,提出“化性起伪”思想使人注重于德性的培养,并归于道德规范和社会礼治之中。在全球化、信息化和社会化的今天,探索和分析“化性起伪”思想,对人的社会化和社会建设等都具有重要的启发借鉴意义。本文以荀子“化性起伪”思想研究为核心,包括六章内容。第一章是绪论部分,对文章研究目的意义、研究状况、研究思路方法进行论述。第二章为“化性起伪”思想概述部分,分别从其思想的内涵和时代背景入手,阐述荀子提出的人性改造理论,分析荀子思想的形成受到战国时期生产力变革、政治动荡、文化争鸣的影响。第三章到第五章是文章的主干部分,第三章论述“化性起伪”思想的理论基础,以人性论和天人观思想为“化性起伪”思想的论述寻找理论依据,并厘清了人性论和天人观中的相关认识,奠定“化性起伪”思想论述的理论前提。第四章是本文的重点部分,主要对“化性起伪”思想从人“化性起伪”的必要、可能、表现和途径上进行详细阐述,从整体上对这一思想进行建构,以图完整表述“化性起伪”思想的具体内容。第五章是本文的落脚点,传统文化的继承要取其精华,根据前文的论述,对荀子“化性起伪”思想进行借鉴和启示,以阐述对当前个人和社会发展的现实价值。第六章是结语部分,对荀子“化性起伪”思想及其当代启示进行总体性地梳理和总结。文章的观点大体涵盖以下三部分:一是荀子“化性起伪”思想以其人性论和天人观为基础,荀子言人性是人的自然本性,人性恶是趋恶的过程,人性成恶是过渡放纵欲望的结果,所以要矫正人性必须得到人为的干预。天人观是荀子天行有常的古代朴素唯物主义思想对古人天人关系认识的突破,以提倡制天命而用之,积极发挥人的主观能动性,改造自然,修养自身。二是“化性起伪”思想具有完整的框架,其必要性是继承了儒家传统对君子人格的执着追求和社会正理平治的要求;实现的可能性上是因人所具有心知能力、思虑意识和身处群而有分的人类社会之中;在表现上,“化性起伪”通过圣王制礼、学止于礼、最终成就圣人君子;在其实现途径上要做到从师问学、隆礼重法、环境选择、乐教入化、尚贤使能。三是“化性起伪”思想的当代启示包括三个方面:在人的社会化发展方面,发挥人的社会性,注重理性思维的判断,从而努力构建理想人格;在对人的社会价值观念内化方面,要注重教育建设、道德建设、家风建设、文艺创作,为人的发展提供良好的外部氛围的指引;在社会建设方面,注重效益与公平的建设,推进法治社会建设,同时要正确认识和利用人才,使得人的发展与社会建设和谐统一。
[Abstract]:In Chinese traditional culture, the most important emphasis on the moral education of people is the Confucian school, especially the important discussion of the Confucian sages in the pre Qin period. This has made outstanding contributions to the inheritance of the ideas of the later China for thousands of years. As a famous thinker, educator and one of the representatives of the Confucianists, Xunzi, a famous thinker in the late Warring States period, has passed the spring of spring. In the Warring States of the Warring States for several hundred years, the chaos of the chaotic society was summed up, and the idea of "puppet puppet" was put forward to make people pay attention to the cultivation of virtue and to the moral norms and social rule of rites. In the present globalization, information and socialization, the thought of "chemical counterfeit" was explored and analyzed, and the socialization and social construction of human beings were explored and analyzed. All of them have important inspiration for reference. This article takes the study of Xunzi's "puppet" thought as the core, including six chapters. The first chapter is an introduction to the purpose of the study, the status of the study, and the method of thinking. The second chapter is a part of the "false starting and false" thought, from the connotation of his thought and the background of the times respectively. Starting with the introduction of Xunzi's theory of human transformation, the formation of Xunzi's thought is influenced by the revolution of productive forces, political turmoil and cultural contention in the Warring States period. The third chapter to the fifth chapter is the main part of the article. The third chapter discusses the theoretical basis of the thought of "puppet nature", and the thought of human nature and heaven and man as "puppet" thought. The fourth chapter is the key part of this article, which is the key part of this article. It mainly expounds the necessity, the possibility, the performance and the way of "puppet puppet" from the whole, and from the whole to this. The fifth chapter is the foothold of this article. The inheritance of the traditional culture should take its essence. According to the previous article, we can draw lessons from and inspire Xunzi's "puppet puppet" idea, in order to elaborate the current value of the development of the individual and the society. The sixth chapter is the conclusion. In part, it collates and sums up Xunzi's thought of "puppet puppet" and Its Contemporary Enlightenment. The views of the article generally cover the following three parts: one is that Xunzi's "puppet" thought is based on his theory of human nature and the view of heaven and man, Xunzi says human nature is the natural nature of human, the evil of human nature is a process of evil, and the evil of human nature is the transition. The result of the longitudinal desire, therefore, must be made human intervention to correct the human nature. The view of heaven and man is a breakthrough in the understanding of the ancient people's relations with nature and man by Xunzi's natural ancient and simple materialism thought, in order to promote the life and use it, to actively exert the subjective initiative of the man, to remould nature and to cultivate itself. Two is the integrity of the "puppet" thought. The necessity of the framework is to inherit the Confucian tradition of the insistence on the personality of the gentleman and the demands of social and plain governance; the possibility of realization is in the human society in which people have the ability to know, think and be in a group. In the way of realizing it, we should learn from the teachers, the law of the rite, the environment choice, the music education and the virtuous ability. Three the Contemporary Enlightenment of the "puppet puppet" idea includes three aspects: the socialized development of human beings, the socialization of people, the judgment of rational thinking, and the construction of the ideal personality, and the social value of the human being. In the aspect of concept internalization, we should pay attention to education construction, moral construction, family style construction, literary and artistic creation, and provide a good external atmosphere for human development; in social construction, we should pay attention to the construction of benefit and equity, promote the construction of the rule of law society, and have a correct understanding and use of talents, so that human development and social construction should be harmoniously unified.

【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D092

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