罗尔斯契约伦理思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 05:52

本文选题：契约伦理思想 + 正义原则　；参考：《中共中央党校》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：罗尔斯的《正义论》掀起了一场关于“正义”思想的大讨论，他在继承和发展传统契约伦理思想的基础上，运用契约理论重塑社会正义观。本文以罗尔斯的《正义论》为研究对象，对罗尔斯理论所依据的契约伦理思想进行深入细致的剖析，侧重于从伦理学的角度对其思想的理论来源进行研究。文章紧扣罗尔斯《正义论》中所体现的契约伦理思想进行论述，通过对罗尔斯契约伦理思想的理论来源——自由主义，以及自由主义的核心价值取向进行分析，从而论证了罗尔斯正义原则的价值取向是如何继承和发展了传统契约伦理思想。原初状态是罗尔斯整个理论的逻辑起点，，更是罗尔斯公平正义的契约条件得以达成的背景环境，在其整体理论中具有着重要的根基意义。文章探寻了原初状态与启蒙思想家的自然状态之间的关系，认为相对于自然状态，罗尔斯的原初状态是一种更加抽象、更加具有逻辑性的理论，完全能够承担起整个理论基石的责任。如果说罗尔斯契约理论的环境是其所设定的原初状态理论，那么在原初状态之中，罗尔斯对于“无知之幕”的设定，有着极其重要的意义，只有更好地理解了“无知之幕”理论才能理解两个正义原则的选择何以可能和必须的问题。文章在原初状态之后，对罗尔斯的“无知之幕”进行更深一步的追寻，以寻找罗尔斯契约理论的萌芽中所包含的契约伦理思想。
[Abstract]:Rawls' Theory of Justice set off a great discussion about the thought of "justice". On the basis of inheriting and developing the traditional contract ethics thought, Rawls used the contract theory to reshape the concept of social justice. Taking Rawls' Theory of Justice as the object of study, this paper makes a thorough and detailed analysis of the contract ethics thought on which Rawls' theory is based, and focuses on the theoretical source of his thought from the perspective of ethics. The article discusses closely the contract ethics thought embodied in Rawls's Theory of Justice, and analyzes the theoretical source of Rawls' contract ethics thought-liberalism, and the core value orientation of liberalism. It demonstrates how Rawls' justice principle inherits and develops traditional contract ethics. The original state is the logical starting point of Rawls' whole theory and the background environment in which the contract conditions of Rawls' fairness and justice can be achieved. It has important fundamental significance in his whole theory. This paper explores the relationship between the primordial state and the natural state of the enlightenment thinkers, and holds that Rawls' primordial state is a more abstract and logical theory than the natural state. Fully capable of assuming responsibility for the entire theoretical foundation. If the environment of Rawls contract theory is the primordial state theory, it is of great significance for Rawls to set the curtain of ignorance. Only by a better understanding of the "curtain of ignorance" theory can we understand how the choice of the two principles of justice is possible and necessary. After the original state, this paper makes a further search for Rawls'"curtain of ignorance" in order to find out the ethical idea of contract contained in the germination of Rawls' contract theory.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D09

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