福山历史终结论与当代中国的发展

发布时间：2018-05-19 21:17

本文选题：历史终结论 + 强国家能力　；参考：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：冷战结束后,日裔美籍学者弗兰西斯·福山提出了"历史终结论",此后"历史终结论"在支持与反对声中延续至今。近年来,福山继续保持对世界政治经济发展的敏锐观察,继续做出他对"历史终结论"补充和完善的努力——政治发展次序论,意图使自己的理论更有解释力。在人类发展史上,对"普遍史"的追求一直没有停止过。历史渊源主要是有基督教中的人类原罪和上帝末日审判史观,福山的"历史终结论" 思想史渊源主要来自于黑格尔,或者说是经过科耶夫解释的黑格尔的自由国家和普遍和平,并且对马克思主义的共产主义阶段表示怀疑和否定,作为佐证的就是20世纪共产主义建设在一些国家的失败。随着21世纪全球经济格局的变化,世界金融危机余波未平,尤其是以中国为代表的一些发展中国家经济政治发展日渐昌隆,福山开始尝试着对此一探究竟并对原来的理论加以补充和升级。在"政治发展次序论"中,福山强调国家能力、法治、负责任政府三要素是一个国家要实现顺利发展必不可少的,并且三者的顺序不可颠倒。在举例论证的过程中,福山肯定中国对国家政治体制建设作出的贡献,以及强国家能力在中国现代化建设中所发挥的重要作用,但他强调中国目前在法治建设和问责制方面还有很大的上升空间。尽管福山处处以西方发展经验来"检验"中国的政治体制建设成效,其观点有一定的局限,但他论述时所依据的理论来源以及他对中国问题的关注、对理论体系的重新构建,对我国深化政治体制改革和趟过改革的"深水区"有积极的借鉴意义。本篇论文拟从"历史终结论"的思想史入手,将"中国模式"与福山的"历史终结论"结合起来进行历史梳理和研究,厘清"历史终结论"的思想基础及其现实困境,客观分析从"历史终结论"转向"政治发展次序论"中的变与不变,探索中国发展道路和模式的合法性与合理性,从而增加我们对中国发展道路的自信。
[Abstract]:After the Cold War, Francis Fukuyama, a Japanese-born American scholar, put forward the "end of History" theory, which continues to this day in support and opposition. In recent years, Fukuyama continues to keep a keen observation on the development of world politics and economy, and continues to make his efforts to supplement and perfect "the Theory of the end of History"-the theory of political development order, with the intention of making his theory more explainable. In the history of human development, the pursuit of universal history has never stopped. The historical origin is mainly the historical view of the original sin of mankind and the apocalypse of God in Christianity. The historical origin of Fushan's "historical finality" mainly comes from Hegel, or Hegel's free country and universal peace as explained by Koyev. And to doubt and deny the communist stage of Marxism is to prove the failure of the construction of communism in some countries in the 20 ~ (th) century. With the change of the global economic pattern in the 21st century, the world financial crisis has left unsettled, especially the economic and political development of some developing countries represented by China is flourishing day by day. Fukuyama began to try to explore this and to supplement and upgrade the original theory. In "the order of political Development", Fukuyama emphasizes that the three elements of national capacity, rule of law and responsible government are essential for a country to achieve a smooth development, and the order of the three cannot be reversed. In the course of the demonstration, Fukuyama affirmed China's contribution to the building of the national political system and the important role played by strengthening national capacity in China's modernization drive. But he stressed that China now has a lot of room for progress in building the rule of law and accountability. Although Fushan "tests" the success of China's political system construction with his western development experience, his views are limited, but the theoretical source on which he based his exposition, his concern for China's problems, and the reconstruction of the theoretical system. It has positive reference significance for deepening the reform of political system and wading through the reform of deep water area in our country. This paper begins with the ideological history of "the end of History", combines the "Chinese Model" and "the Historical end Theory" of Fukuyama, combs and studies the history, and clarifies the ideological basis and the realistic predicament of the "Historical end Theory". The objective analysis changes from "the end of history" to "the order of political development", explores the legitimacy and rationality of China's development road and mode, and thus increases our confidence in China's development path.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D08;D61

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