李大钊“民彝”思想研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 05:28

本文选题：李大钊 + 民彝政治观　；参考：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：二十世纪初，袁世凯倒行逆施，造成了民生凋敝，国家政治遭到破坏，国内形势急剧变化。为了抨击袁世凯复辟帝制的恶行，怀有救国救民满腔热血的李大钊在1916年完成了《民彝与政治》的撰写。这篇文章论述了李大钊关于民众与政治的思想，即“民彝”思想，它是李大钊把中国传统的民本思想和西方近代民主政治思想融会贯通后形成了独具特色的政治主张。“民彝”思想不仅反映出李大钊早期民主政治思想，而且也为中国民主思想进程掀开了新的篇章。李大钊运用古典中对“彝”字的解释，阐发出自己对“民彝”的深刻训诂。并通过“器”、“常”、“法”三个形意字简练形象地对“民彝”思想进行了诠释和理解。综他所述，可以把李大钊所阐发的“民彝”概括成，从广义上指民众在日常生活中养成的智慧、习性、本能、德行还包括所拥有的心理、意志、价值观、判断力，以及具备这些品性、思想、能力的民众自身个体存在，从狭义上讲“民彝”仅仅指代的是满足民众自身存在的思想、本能、德行等上层建筑。李大钊阐述的“民彝”思想是一个涉及多领域的思想，本文又通过政治观和历史观两个维度研析了“民彝”思想。在民彝政治观中李大钊提出了构建中国的适宜政治，并且在实行这种政治的道路上要充分体现民众的自由，要对民众进行素质的培养；在民彝历史观中李大钊强调的是“民彝可以创造历史”的唯民史观，进而批判英雄史观。李大钊的“民彝”思想是他在接受马克思主义之前形成的民主政治思想，因而他的这一思想是不完全的唯物主义思想，是带有唯心色彩的民主政治思想。但是它不仅给李大钊之后接受马克思主义提供了理论准备和思想基础，而且还给社会发展带来深远的引导作用和启示意义，，同时研究李大钊“民彝”思想又给我们今天的社会主义民主政治建设提供了重要的启示意义和借鉴价值。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of 20 ~ (th) century, Yuan Shikai perverted and caused the people's livelihood to wither, the national politics was destroyed, and the domestic situation changed dramatically. In order to attack the evil of Yuan Shikai's restoration of monarchy, Li Dazhao, who was full of blood to save the nation and save the people, wrote Yi and Politics in 1916. This article discusses Li Dazhao's thought on populace and politics, that is, the thought of "Minyi", which is a unique political idea formed by Li Dazhao after the integration of Chinese traditional people-oriented thought and western modern democratic political thought. The thought of "Min Yi" not only reflects Li Dazhao's early democratic political thought, but also opens a new chapter for the process of Chinese democratic thought. Li Dazhao explains his profound exegesis of "Yi" by using the explanation of the word Yi in classical times. And through "Qi", "Chang", "Law" three characters concise and vivid interpretation and understanding of the thought of "Minyi". According to him, we can generalize the "Minyi" as explained by Li Dazhao. In a broad sense, it refers to the wisdom, habits, instincts, and moral conduct that people develop in their daily life, including the psychology, the will, the values, and the judgment that they possess. In a narrow sense, "Minyi" only refers to the superstructure which satisfies the people's own existence, such as instinct, morality and so on. The thought of "Min Yi" expounded by Li Dazhao is a thought involving many fields. This paper also analyzes the thought of "Min Yi" through two dimensions of political view and historical view. In the political view of the people and Yi people, Li Dazhao puts forward the suitable politics to construct China, and on the way of carrying out this kind of politics, we should fully embody the people's freedom and cultivate the people's quality. In the historical view of the people and Yi, Li Dazhao emphasizes the historical view that "the people can create history", and then criticizes the historical view of the hero. Li Dazhao's "Minyi" thought is the democratic political thought he formed before he accepted Marxism, so his thought is not complete materialism thought, it is the democratic political thought with idealistic color. However, it not only provides theoretical preparation and ideological basis for accepting Marxism after Li Dazhao, but also brings profound guidance and enlightenment to social development. At the same time, the study of Li Dazhao's thought of "Min Yi" provides us with important enlightenment and reference value for the construction of socialist democratic politics today.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D092

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