罗尔斯“正义稳定性”问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 09:06

【摘要】：正义的重要性不言而喻,从古至今都是哲学家们追求的价值目标所在：从柏拉图的正义四德到霍布斯正义作为社会发展的手段；从密尔的正义辅助功利前进到罗尔斯作为公平的正义。不同的正义观体现了不同的稳定性。述及罗尔斯,正义顾及到了最需要顾及的弱势群体,它完善着人性的光芒,不断衍生出自我维系自我肯定的力量,这也是正义稳定性的内涵所在。究其定义指向,正义稳定性就是指那种自身会产生一种抑制不稳定倾向的原则和方法,它能不断激发人们意愿按照正义原则行事的正义感,使正义观总是倾向于稳定状态。罗尔斯认为,寻求正义稳定性也就是找寻正义与善间的内在契合。本文通过论述正义感的发展和阐释善理念逐层揭发出这一主题。这种由内寻觅的解决途径既顾全了人性的利益性、更关注到人的道德性,比之那些只靠外在政治手段或只看到人的片面道德性来实现稳定性的方式更富有实践性。罗尔斯富有启发性的正当优先于善的观念更是让稳定性关系更加牢固持续。正义和善从古至今都是道德上的两大核心概念,它们之间的关系是道德哲学的主题。两者直接关联人之为人的根本,人性就是正义感和道德感的统一,就是正义和善在人自身内的反映,其协调性越高表明着人性越完美的发挥。
[Abstract]:The importance of justice is self-evident, and it is the value goal pursued by philosophers from ancient times to the present: from Plato's four virtues of justice to Hobbes' justice as a means of social development; From Mill's Justice Auxiliary utilitarian to Rawls as fair justice. Different views of justice reflect different stability. When it comes to Rawls, justice takes into account the vulnerable groups that need to be taken into account most. It perfects the light of human nature and constantly derives from the power of self to maintain self-affirmation, which is also the connotation of justice stability. The definition points out that justice stability refers to the principle and method that can restrain the tendency of instability. It can arouse people's sense of justice to act according to the principle of justice and make the view of justice always tend to stable state. Rawls believes that seeking justice stability is to find the inner connection between justice and goodness. This paper discusses the development of sense of justice and explains the idea of good one layer by layer to expose this theme. This kind of internal solution not only takes into account the interests of human nature, but also pays more attention to the moral character of human beings, and is more practical than those which only rely on external political means or only see the one-sided morality of human beings to achieve stability. Rawls' enlightening notion of justice over good makes the stable relationship stronger and more sustainable. Justice and goodness have been two core concepts of morality since ancient times, and the relationship between them is the theme of moral philosophy. Human nature is the unity of sense of justice and morality, which is the reflection of justice and goodness within human beings. The higher the coordination between them is, the more perfect the human nature is.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D09

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