历史进程视域下中国古代民本思想的发展理路

发布时间：2019-01-19 17:19

【摘要】：中国古代民本思想的形成,主要与"民"的范围变化和"士"阶层的兴起有关。在上古中国,由于自然环境和生存压力,"养民"便成为政治理想的最为重要的一环。自孔子始,重视教育,提倡"教化万民"又成为民本思想的一个重要方面。在春秋战国之际,"士"阶层的兴起,打破了"学在官府"的局面,使得民本思想在现实的君主制度下,既坚持"教民、安民"理念,也形成了对君主进行规谏、监督的内涵。古代中国民本思想的核心原则"国以民为本、君以民为本、政以民为本",其发展是通过统治阶级的政治家、思想家的自我反思和批判、自我认识完成的。
[Abstract]:The formation of people-oriented thought in ancient China is mainly related to the change of the scope of "people" and the rise of "scholar" class. In ancient China, because of the natural environment and survival pressure, "raising the people" became the most important part of political ideal. Since Confucius began to attach importance to education and advocate "enlightening all people", it has become an important aspect of people-oriented thought. During the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period, the rise of the "scholar" class broke the situation of "learning in the government", making the people-oriented thought under the real monarchy system, not only adhere to the concept of "religion, peace and the people", but also form the connotation of the monarch to advise and supervise. The core principle of Chinese people-oriented thought in ancient China is "the country is based on the people, the monarch is based on the people, and the government is based on the people". Its development is accomplished through the self-reflection and criticism of the statesmen and thinkers of the ruling class.
【作者单位】：吉林大学行政学院;吉林大学文学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“新出土文献所见中国传统政治思想研究”(项目编号10YJC810059) 吉林大学基础业务经费学科前沿和交叉项目“中国传统文化中的理想政治模式研究”(项目编号201204028)的阶段性成果吉林大学“211”三期工程项目资助吉林大学985三期平台“社会公正与政府治理哲学社会科学创新基地”资助
【分类号】：D092

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