萨义德及其《东方学》研究

发布时间：2019-01-20 08:00

【摘要】：爱德华·萨义德作为后殖民主义文化理论的开创者,是当代西方知识界公认的最具有世界影响力的文学和文化批评家之一,同时又是一个有些许争议的人物。本文主要以其代表作《东方学》研究为主,通过文本细读和举例分析的方法,从《东方学》文本内容出发,对其理论渊源、精神实质、写作特色、评价影响等进行了全面详尽的探索,并将解读的重点放在其对西方中心主义霸权的揭露和批判上。在现有的研究基础之上,力求做到理论结合实际,便于读者在理解的同时能更好地吸取理论成果。因此对萨义德《东方学》的研究,不仅从理论高度上对我们理解后殖民主义有一定的帮助,而且从实际出发对我们的文化研究和文学批评的发展也有着重要的借鉴意义。本文共分三大部分,第一部分主要介绍了萨义德的生平、著作概况、理论渊源以及写作《东方学》的缘起。对于萨义德而言,除了些许纯粹的个人兴趣,研究东方学主要起源于其个人经历和知识分子的社会责任感。第二部分是全文的核心内容,通过对“东方主义”话语系统的形成和精神实质的考察,深刻地揭露了西方中心主义霸权的实质。这部分内容主要体现了知识和权力之间的相互关系,由三部分组成。首先,通过东方主义者及其著作考察了东方学形成过程中权力的运作方式;其次,通过东方学体现的二元对立思维方式考察了东西方世界之间的后殖民关系;最后,通过经典文学文本中有关描写“东方”的主题考察了东方学的叙事策略。第三部分主要以《东方学》的评价和影响为主,包括国内外众多学者对其贡献的肯定,特别是对殖民知识和殖民权力之间相互关系进行了艰苦而卓越的探索,促进了反殖民事业的发展。在肯定其成就的同时,也有个别学者对其著作内容方面存在的局限性有所质疑,指出了其中的矛盾和漏洞。总之,《东方学》作为后殖民主义的奠基之作,不仅对后殖民研究领域产生了广泛的影响,也对中国后殖民主义文化批评的探索有一定的启示意义。
[Abstract]:As the pioneer of postcolonial cultural theory, Edward said is one of the most influential literary and cultural critics in contemporary western intellectual circles. This paper mainly focuses on the study of his masterpiece "Orientalism", through the method of reading the text carefully and analyzing with examples, starting from the content of the text of "Orientalism", and analyzing its theoretical origin, spiritual essence and writing characteristics. The evaluation of influence and so on has carried on the comprehensive detailed exploration, and will unscramble the emphasis on its to the western centralism hegemony exposure and the critique. On the basis of existing research, the author tries to combine theory with practice so that readers can absorb theoretical results better while understanding. Therefore, the study of said "Orientalism" not only helps us to understand post-colonialism theoretically, but also has important reference significance for our cultural research and the development of literary criticism from the practical point of view. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part mainly introduces Saeed's life, works, theoretical origin and origin of writing Orientalism. For said, apart from some pure personal interests, the study of Orientalism mainly originates from his personal experience and intellectual's sense of social responsibility. The second part is the core content of the full text, through the formation of the "Orientalism" discourse system and the investigation of the spiritual essence, it deeply exposes the essence of western centralism hegemony. This part mainly reflects the relationship between knowledge and power, and consists of three parts. First of all, through Orientalists and their works, the author examines the mode of operation of power in the formation of Orientalism, and then examines the post-colonial relationship between the East and the West through the dual oppositional thinking mode embodied in Orientalism. Finally, the narrative strategy of Orientalism is investigated through the theme of describing Orient in classical literary texts. The third part mainly focuses on the evaluation and influence of Orientalism, including the recognition of the contributions made by many scholars at home and abroad, especially the painstaking and outstanding exploration of the relationship between colonial knowledge and colonial power. Promote the development of anti-colonial cause. While affirming his achievements, some scholars have questioned the limitations of his works and pointed out the contradictions and loopholes. In a word, Orientalism, as the foundation of postcolonialism, not only has a wide influence on the field of postcolonial research, but also has certain enlightenment significance for the exploration of Chinese postcolonial cultural criticism.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D091

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