清代浙江海防炮台研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 03:14

本文关键词：清代浙江海防炮台研究　出处：《河北师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：炮台作为一种比较古老的战争防御平台,是伴随着火炮的发明而出现的。炮台因其固定性,产生之初就被定义为军事防御工程的一种类型,炮台又因在御敌战场上表现出的灵活适用性,从而被明清两朝统治者作为防守的利器倍加推崇。中国古代的旧式炮台建筑在明代基本定型。明中叶在北方内陆边界修筑陆基炮台防御中国北部游牧民族侵袭起,至清代大规模在沿海修筑以“重防其出”和抵御列强入侵为先后作用的海防炮台,炮台在战争中都曾经发挥过举足轻重的作用。晚清多次中外战争证明,炮台的建筑质量和火炮的性能直接决定了某场战役的结果。清代在沿海地区修筑海防炮台起始于顺治、康熙二朝,起初是为了维护和巩固满清政权在大陆的统治,隔绝和消灭海外反清敌对势力(主要是台湾郑氏集团)。康熙五十五年(公元1717年),面对来自西方殖民主义对东南亚的侵略,清廷在东南沿海开始大规模修筑海防炮台。第一次鸦片战争爆发后,伴随着海防危机的日益加深,清廷又引进西方先进海防炮台修建理念在东部沿海地区修筑新型炮台,铸造和购买新式大炮。海防炮台在近代中国反侵略战争中发挥了一定的积极作用。本文即从搜集的历史史料出发,在借鉴前辈先贤研究成果的基础上,通过对在清代浙江沿海地理环境下及海防形势下的炮台建设研究,来揭示反侵略战争和炮台修筑技术进步的互动关系。
[Abstract]:As an ancient war defense platform, battery appeared with the invention of artillery. Because of its fixation, it was defined as a type of military defense engineering at the beginning of its production. The fortress is also due to its flexibility and applicability in the battlefield of resistance to the enemy. Thus, the rulers of the Ming and Qing dynasties were highly respected as the sharp weapons of defense. The old fortress buildings in ancient China were basically finalized in the Ming Dynasty. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, land-based artillery forts were built on the northern inland border to defend against the invasion of the nomadic people in the north of China. . During the Qing Dynasty, a large scale coastal defense fortress was built in order to "protect its exit" and resist the invasion of foreign powers, which played an important role in the war, which was proved by many Chinese and foreign wars in the late Qing Dynasty. The building quality of the battery and the performance of the artillery directly determined the result of a certain battle. In Qing Dynasty, the coastal defense fortress was built in Shunzhi, Kangxi two dynasties. The first was to maintain and consolidate the Manchu regime's rule in the mainland, to isolate and eliminate the hostile forces against the Qing Dynasty overseas (mainly Taiwan's Zheng Shi Group) for 55 years (1717). In the face of the invasion of Southeast Asia by Western colonialism, the Qing Dynasty began to build a large scale coastal defense fortress along the southeast coast. After the first Opium War broke out, the coastal defense crisis deepened day by day. The Qing government also introduced the western advanced coastal defense fortress construction concept in the eastern coastal areas to build a new fortress. Casting and purchasing new artillery. The naval fortress played a positive role in the modern China's war against aggression. This paper starts from the historical data collected, on the basis of drawing lessons from the research achievements of the forefathers and sages. Based on the study of the fortress construction in the coastal geographical environment of Zhejiang Province in Qing Dynasty and the situation of coastal defense, the interactive relationship between the war against aggression and the technological progress of the fortress construction was revealed.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K249

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